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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can identify potential threats to a network and explain the different types of network attacks.

      Key learning points

      1. A range of potential threats can affect the security and performance of a network.
      2. Network attacks can take different forms, each using specific techniques.

      Keywords

      • Social engineering - techniques used to trick users into giving away personal information by manipulating their behaviour or emotions

      • Malware - malicious software - a program designed to cause damage to computer systems, corrupt or change files, steal data or cause disruption to services

      Common misconception

      Network threats and attacks come only from external hackers or from sources outside a network, while internal users or trusted software pose no risk.

      Threats can be internal, like careless employees or malicious insiders, as well as external.

      Teacher tip

      Use current news headlines about data breaches or cyberattacks to make threats tangible for students.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match each process to its action.

      Correct Answer:Search engine uses algorithms.,Sorts and displays results.

      Sorts and displays results.

      Correct Answer:Web crawler scans sites.,Gathers information.

      Gathers information.

      Correct Answer:SEO strategies are applied.,Improves site ranking.

      Improves site ranking.

      Q2.
      What does SEO stand for?

      Correct Answer: Search engine optimisation, Search engine optimization

      Q3.
      What is the main goal of algorithms in search engines?

      to make websites look better
      Correct answer: to find and deliver the most useful results
      to slow down searches
      to remove advertisements

      Q4.
      Match each keyword to its definition.

      Correct Answer:client-side processing,Code runs on the user’s device.

      Code runs on the user’s device.

      Correct Answer:server-side processing,Code runs on a web server.

      Code runs on a web server.

      Correct Answer:web crawler,collects website data for search engines

      collects website data for search engines

      Correct Answer:search engine optimisation,improves a website’s search ranking

      improves a website’s search ranking

      Q5.
      When you click a link and new content appears without reloading the whole page, which processing is most likely involved?

      manual processing
      batch processing
      server-side processing
      Correct answer: client-side processing

      Q6.
      Order the steps for processing a form on a website using server-side processing.

      1 - User fills out the form.
      2 - Form data is sent to the server.
      3 - Server processes the data.
      4 - User receives a response.

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is social engineering in the context of network security?

      installing antivirus software
      upgrading network hardware
      Correct answer: manipulating people into revealing confidential information
      encrypting data

      Q2.
      Name the type of software designed to cause damage, steal data, or disrupt computer systems.

      Correct Answer: Malware

      Q3.
      Put these steps in order for a typical malware attack.

      1 - User clicks on a suspicious link.
      2 - Malware is downloaded.
      3 - System is infected.
      4 - Data is stolen or disrupted.

      Q4.
      What is a potential internal network threat?

      Correct answer: a careless employee sharing passwords
      a power cut
      a new router installation
      a software update

      Q5.
      Put these actions in order for a phishing attack:.

      1 - Attacker sends a fake email.
      2 - User receives the email.
      3 - User enters personal details.
      4 - Attacker collects the information.

      Q6.
      Match each keyword to its description.

      Correct Answer:social engineering,manipulation to trick users into giving information

      manipulation to trick users into giving information

      Correct Answer:malware,malicious software that causes harm

      malicious software that causes harm

      Correct Answer:internal threat,attacks or risks from within an organisation

      attacks or risks from within an organisation

      Correct Answer:external threat,attacks or risks from outside an organisation

      attacks or risks from outside an organisation


      To help you plan your 11 computer science lesson on: Threats to networks, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...