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      Modern material properties

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe the properties and uses of modern materials.

      Key learning points

      1. Modern materials are continually being developed through the invention of new or improved processes.
      2. Examples of modern materials include: Nomex, Teflon, Fastskin, PLA, Kevlar and composites.
      3. Composite materials combine the properties of two or more materials.
      4. Examples of composite materials include GRP, CFRP and laminates.
      5. Modern materials have improved working and/or physical properties.

      Keywords

      • Modern material - are continually being developed through the invention of new or improved processes

      • Working property - the way in which a material responds to an external force or certain environment; also referred to as mechanical properties

      • Physical property - the characteristics of a material, such as appearance and features

      • Composites - combine the properties of two or more materials without being mixed at a chemical level

      Common misconception

      Modern materials only provide advantages to designers and users.

      Modern materials are often difficult and expensive to produce and are also difficult to recycle.

      Teacher tip

      Collect together as many examples as you can find, including bikes, helmets, laminate worktops, compostable bags, teflon clothes, nonstick pans etc.

      Equipment

      Paper, tape, scissors.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is sustainability?

      how well a material does its job and meets the needs of the product
      the price of buying, processing and using a material
      Correct answer: a product that has minimal environmental impact through reuse or replenishment

      Q2.
      There are two categories of material properties, physical and properties.

      Correct Answer: working, mechanical

      Q3.
      What is a desirable property for aircraft parts?

      Correct answer: weight
      compressive strength
      conductivity
      low melting point

      Q4.
      What is a desirable property for a t-shirt?

      mouldability
      strong
      Correct answer: flexible
      tough

      Q5.
      Why would using recycled aluminium be more sustainable than using new aluminium?

      Correct answer: recycled aluminium requires less energy to produce than new aluminium
      recycled aluminium is better quality than new aluminium
      recycled aluminium has a lower density than new aluminium

      Q6.
      What defines modern materials?

      have been used for centuries without change
      are only made from natural resources
      cannot be altered or improved
      Correct answer: continually developed through new or improved processes

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      What products are made from Nomex?

      Correct answer: protective clothing
      crash helmets
      bulletproof vests
      swimwear

      Q2.
      What products are made with Teflon?

      disposable cups
      cut resistant gloves
      Correct answer: non-stick frying pan
      Correct answer: school trousers

      Q3.
      What is a composite material?

      Correct answer: combination of two or more materials without being mixed at a chemical level
      combination of two or more materials mixed at a chemical level
      a single material with multiple layers

      Q4.
      Which composite is this?

      An image in a quiz
      Correct answer: carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP)
      glass reinforced plastic (GRP)
      laminate

      To help you plan your 8 design and technology lesson on: Modern material properties, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...