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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how and why industry conducts research.

      Key learning points

      1. Primary research involves collecting original data directly from sources, e.g. surveys, interviews, or observations.
      2. Secondary research involves gathering data from existing sources like books, articles, or reports.
      3. Research is analysed and used to influence designs.

      Keywords

      • Primary research - first-hand information collected directly from sources

      • Secondary research - existing information collected from other sources

      • Analyse - examining something in detail

      • Qualitative data - information recorded using words

      • Quantitative data - information recorded using numbers

      Common misconception

      Research is only conducted at the beginning of a project.

      Research is involved in several stages of the design process.

      Teacher tip

      Use real-world case studies that students are familiar with, e.g. tech companies or fashion brands. Show how these companies would conduct research to improve products.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the main purpose of market research?

      To guess what customers want
      Correct answer: To gather information about customer needs and preferences
      To create advertising campaigns
      To reduce production costs

      Q2.
      Conducting an interview with a potential stakeholder is which type of research?

      Correct answer: primary
      secondary

      Q3.
      Which of these is an example of quantitative data?

      A focus group discussion
      Correct answer: A survey asking people to rate a product from 1 to 5
      Observing how people use a product
      A brainstorming session

      Q4.
      Match each research method to its correct example:

      Correct Answer:Survey,Asking people about their product preferences

      Asking people about their product preferences

      Correct Answer:Observation ,Watching how users interact with a design

      Watching how users interact with a design

      Correct Answer:Experiment,Measuring the weight of a product

      Measuring the weight of a product

      Q5.
      Which of these is an example of secondary research?

      Interviewing customers about a new product idea
      Conducting an experiment to test material strength
      Correct answer: Reading an article about current design trends
      Observing how people use a chair in a waiting room

      Q6.
      When designers ask customers for their opinions, they are collecting research.

      Correct Answer: primary

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these is an example of quantitative data?

      "The fabric feels soft and comfortable."
      "Most customers think the design looks modern."
      Correct answer: "This product weighs 500 grams."
      "Users say the chair is easy to assemble."

      Q2.
      Which of these is an example of qualitative data?

      "80% of people prefer lightweight materials."
      Correct answer: "This chair feels uncomfortable after long use."
      "The product is 15 cm wide."
      "50 customers bought this item last week."

      Q3.
      Match the correct description for each research method:

      Correct Answer:Surveys,Collecting quantitative data using structured questions.

      Collecting quantitative data using structured questions.

      Correct Answer:Focus Groups,A small group discusses a product to share detailed opinions.

      A small group discusses a product to share detailed opinions.

      Correct Answer:Observation,Watching how users interact with a product in real-life scenarios.

      Watching how users interact with a product in real-life scenarios.

      Correct Answer:Product Analysis,Examining similar products to understand strengths and weaknesses.

      Examining similar products to understand strengths and weaknesses.

      Correct Answer:Product Testing,Evaluating a product's usability, or functionality through trials.

      Evaluating a product's usability, or functionality through trials.

      Q4.
      Put these research activities in the correct order:

      1 - Gather data
      2 - Analyse findings
      3 - Use research to inform design decisions

      Q5.
      What form of research is gathering data from component data sheets?

      Correct Answer: Secondary

      Q6.
      Which of the following is an example of primary research?

      Reading a market report
      Correct answer: Conducting a survey
      Looking at a competitor’s website
      Watching a product review video

      To help you plan your 11 design and technology lesson on: Research, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...