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      Exploring and engaging with themes in 'A Christmas Carol'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can identify and engage with the key themes in ‘A Christmas Carol’.

      Key learning points

      1. A theme is a big idea, topic or message that recurs within a story.
      2. Themes often link together and overlap.
      3. The theme of transformation is an important theme in ‘A Christmas Carol’.
      4. Transformation is depicted through Scrooge's journey from a miserly individual to a compassionate and generous one.
      5. Dickens uses Scrooge’s treatment of others and their treatment of him to convey this change.

      Keywords

      • Theme - A theme is a big idea, topic or message that recurs within a story.

      • Convey - To convey means to communicate a message to the reader directly or indirectly.

      • Transformation - Transformation is the process of significant change, often resulting in a big shift in character, beliefs, or behaviour.

      Common misconception

      Children may not realise that a story can contain multiple themes which sometimes overlap.

      Discuss a simple but well known tale and its many themes in advance of the lesson.

      Teacher tip

      Discuss themes that frequently appear. Think about and discuss the key themes present in some of the books the children know really well.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these does the theme of love link to?

      Correct answer: family
      Correct answer: friendship
      rich vs poor
      wealth

      Q2.
      Which of these does inference help with?

      ordering events
      Correct answer: reading between the lines
      Correct answer: working out how a character might be feeling
      spelling

      Q3.
      Order the following events from 'A Christmas Carol'.

      1 - Scrooge refuses Fred's offer for Christmas dinner.
      2 - Scrooge is visited by the ghost of his business partner.
      3 - Scrooge is visited by three more ghosts.
      4 - Scrooge starts to realise the error of his ways.
      5 - Scrooge wakes up on Christmas day and he is transformed.

      Q4.
      True or false? Poverty in Victorian London was worse than in London today.

      Correct Answer: true, true

      Q5.
      Which of these reactions suggest you are happy to see someone?

      Correct answer: you smile
      Correct answer: you laugh
      you shiver
      Correct answer: you jump for joy

      Q6.
      True or false? The moral of a story is the lesson it teaches you.

      Correct Answer: true, true

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions.

      Correct Answer:theme ,a big idea, topic or message that recurs within a story
      Correct Answer:convey,to communicate a message to the reader directly or indirectly
      Correct Answer:transformation,the process of significant change

      Q2.
      What does Scrooge promise to do to help Bob?

      Correct answer: raise his salary
      bring him food
      Correct answer: look after his family
      fix his house

      Q3.
      True or false? Considering actions and characteristics of people within the text is a good way to identify a theme.

      Correct Answer: true, true

      Q4.
      Which of these are themes from 'A Christmas Carol'?

      Correct answer: family
      Correct answer: transformation
      revenge
      Correct answer: Christmas
      sustainability

      Q5.
      Match the theme with how it's conveyed in the text.

      Correct Answer:friendship,After his transformation, Scrooge treats Bob like a close friend.
      Correct Answer:belonging,Scrooge eventually realises that he can be accepted by others.
      Correct Answer:unkindness,For a long time, Scrooge treats others very badly.

      Q6.
      At the beginning of the story, Scrooge is miserly and mean. Which words describe him at the end?

      boring and unimaginative
      silly and childish
      Correct answer: generous and compassionate

      To help you plan your 4 English lesson on: Exploring and engaging with themes in 'A Christmas Carol', download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...