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      Practising writing direct speech for 'Whale Rider'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can write sentences using accurate speech punctuation.

      Key learning points

      1. Direct speech is the term used for a person speaking out loud in a text.
      2. Speech first is punctuated with inverted commas and a comma, question mark or exclamation mark.
      3. Speech second is punctuated with inverted commas and a full stop, question mark or exclamation mark.
      4. Inverted commas are used to demarcate the direct speech from the reporting clause.
      5. A range of synonyms for ‘said’ and use of adverbs can offer detail about how a character spoke and felt.

      Keywords

      • Direct speech - the term used for a person speaking out loud in a text

      • Inverted commas - punctuation marks used to indicate the beginning and end of direct speech

      • Reporting clause - tells the reader who said the speech and how

      Common misconception

      Pupils may think that punctuation rules in direct speech are optional or may apply them inconsistently.

      Explain that the reader must know where the direct speech begins and ends to understand what is being said. Display examples of speech with and without punctuation to emphasise this.

      Teacher tip

      Some pupils will benefit from using a scaffold (visual) for writing speech first and speech second.

      Equipment

      You need a copy of the 2002 film version of ‘Whale Rider’ produced by South Pacific Pictures for this lesson.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Order the sections of a narrative chronologically.

      1 - opening
      2 - build-up
      3 - climax
      4 - resolution

      Q2.
      Who are the main characters in 'Whale Rider'?

      Correct answer: Koro
      New Zealand
      the whale
      Correct answer: Paikea

      Q3.
      Which of the following nouns should begin with a capital letter?

      Correct answer: nanny flowers
      whale
      Correct answer: paikea
      ancestors
      chief

      Q4.
      Match the punctuation mark to its name.

      Correct Answer:comma,,
      Correct Answer:inverted commas,'' ''
      Correct Answer:question mark,?
      Correct Answer:eclamation mark,!
      Correct Answer:full stop,.

      Q5.
      Which of the following sentences is correctly punctuated?

      paikea was determined to prove she could be a leader.
      Paikea was determined to prove she could be a leader
      Correct answer: Paikea was determined to prove she could be a leader.
      Paikea was Determined to prove she could be a leader.

      Q6.
      What is the definition of a clause?

      a word that joins two clauses together
      a sentence starter
      Correct answer: a group of words that contains a verb
      a word that tells the reader where the action takes place

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the name of the punctuation mark that indicates where the words the character said begin and end?

      comma
      Correct answer: inverted commas
      question mark
      exclamation mark
      full stop

      Q2.
      Which is the reporting clause in this speech sentence? ''I want to be the leader,'' declared Paikea calmly.

      declared
      ''I want to be the leader,''
      Correct answer: declared Paikea calmly
      Paikea

      Q3.
      True or false? This speech sentence is punctuated correctly: ''the leader will be a boy,'' exclaimed Koro.

      Correct Answer: false, False

      Q4.
      Which speech first sentence is correctly punctuated?

      “Will it ever happen!” Paikea asked curiously.
      Correct answer: “Will it ever happen?” Paikea asked curiously.
      Will it ever happen?” Paikea asked curiously.
      “Will it ever happen?” paikea asked curiously.

      Q5.
      Match the adverb to the most appropriate verb.

      Correct Answer:bellowed,loudly
      Correct Answer:whispered,quietly
      Correct Answer:declared,confidently

      Q6.
      Which speech second sentence is correctly punctuated?

      her grandfather stated, “Our leader must be strong and wise.”
      Her grandfather stated “Our leader must be strong and wise.”
      Her grandfather stated, “our leader must be strong and wise.”
      Correct answer: Her grandfather stated, “Our leader must be strong and wise.”

      To help you plan your 4 English lesson on: Practising writing direct speech for 'Whale Rider', download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...