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      An introduction to the Anthropocene

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe the meaning of the term 'Anthropocene' and can explain why it is debated by scientists.

      Key learning points

      1. Human activity affects Earth's physical systems.
      2. Population increase has significantly increased the human impact on Earth's physical systems.
      3. Industrialisation significantly increased the human impact on Earth's systems.
      4. The Anthropocene is a term used to describe a new geological age shaped by humans.
      5. The term "Anthropocene" is debated by scientists.

      Keywords

      • Atmosphere - the layer of gases that surrounds Earth. It includes the oxygen we need to breathe, so it is essential for life on Earth

      • Hydrosphere - includes all the water on Earth, such as oceans, rivers, lakes, glaciers, groundwater, and water vapour in the atmosphere

      • Geosphere - the solid parts of Earth, including the crust, mantle, and core, as well as rocks, soil, mountains, and other landforms

      • Biosphere - life on Earth, encompassing all living organisms (plants, animals, bacteria, etc.) and the ecosystems they form

      • Anthropocene - proposed geological epoch that marks when human activity has had a significant impact on Earth

      Common misconception

      The Anthropocene is the period of Earth’s history from when homosapiens first evolved.

      The Anthropocene is a proposed geological epoch that marks the period in Earth’s history during which human activity has had a significant impact on Earth.

      Teacher tip

      Ask students what impact they have had on Earth.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these is an example of human impact on the planet?

      Volcanic eruptions
      Earthquakes
      Correct answer: Climate change
      Ocean tides

      Q2.
      Where do most people in the world live?

      Deserts
      Mountains
      Correct answer: Near rivers or coasts
      Rainforests

      Q3.
      What do we call places with lots of people living in them?

      Rural areas
      Correct answer: Urban areas
      Forests
      Oceans

      Q4.
      Which of these is a reason why people might not live in an area?

      Good soil
      Clean water
      Nearby schools
      Correct answer: Extreme cold

      Q5.
      What is deforestation?

      Planting new trees
      Building new forests
      Correct answer: Cutting down large areas of trees
      Trees growing faster

      Q6.
      What does pollution do to the environment?

      Keeps it clean
      Helps wildlife
      Improves air quality
      Correct answer: Makes it dirty or unsafe

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the atmosphere?

      The ground beneath our feet
      All the water on Earth
      Correct answer: The layer of gases surrounding Earth
      Earth's core

      Q2.
      What does the hydrosphere include?

      Rocks and soil
      Mountains and valleys
      Correct answer: All the water on Earth
      Air and gases

      Q3.
      What is included in the geosphere?

      Only the outer crust
      Only rocks on the surface
      Correct answer: Earth’s solid parts, from crust to core
      Clouds and wind

      Q4.
      What is the Anthropocene?

      A type of rock layer
      The time humans first evolved
      Correct answer: A recent period shaped by major human impact
      The Ice Age

      Q5.
      How have humans affected the hydrosphere?

      Made oceans disappear
      Correct answer: Increased pollution in water sources
      Turned rivers into mountains
      Added more icebergs

      Q6.
      How has global population growth affected Earth's physical systems?

      It has reduced the use of natural resources
      It has had no noticeable impact
      It has improved biodiversity everywhere
      Correct answer: It has increased pressure on land, water, and the atmosphere

      To help you plan your 9 geography lesson on: An introduction to the Anthropocene, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...