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      Fieldwork: Analysing, concluding and evaluating air pollution data

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can analyse and reflect on my air pollution data to create meaningful conclusions and an evaluation.

      Key learning points

      1. Statistical tests are used by geographers to find patterns in data sets that are not obvious in their raw form.
      2. Conclusions can be strengthened by combining the results of different data sets together.
      3. The scale at which geographers collect data can have a significant influence over the type of conclusions they make.

      Keywords

      • Spearman's rank - a statistical test that shows the strength of any correlation between two variables

      • Micro-scale enquiries - enquiries that focus on a small area such as a street or a park

      • Macro-scale enquiries - enquiries that focus on a large area such as a city or a whole country

      Common misconception

      You have to be good at maths to be able to use statistical tests in geographical enquiries.

      You have to know how to interpret the results of statistical tests to use them in geographical enquiries.

      Teacher tip

      Model the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient calculations in real time with students so you can ensure that no student gets lost in the process.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions:

      Correct Answer:Anthropocene,Current time when humans are the main force shaping Earth

      Current time when humans are the main force shaping Earth

      Correct Answer:Biodiversity,The variety of life in an area

      The variety of life in an area

      Correct Answer:Climate change,Long-term change in global or regional weather patterns

      Long-term change in global or regional weather patterns

      Correct Answer:Carbon footprint,The total greenhouse gases caused by a person or group

      The total greenhouse gases caused by a person or group

      Q2.
      Which of the following is an example of a human impact on biodiversity?

      Correct answer: Cutting down rainforests
      A volcanic eruption
      A change in Earth's orbit
      Ocean tides

      Q3.
      Why is the term Anthropocene controversial to some scientists?

      It refers to ancient fossils
      It denies climate change
      It’s only used in astronomy
      Correct answer: Some argue we’re still in the Holocene epoch

      Q4.
      Which of these actions would reduce someone’s carbon footprint?

      Flying weekly for work
      Using more plastic packaging
      Heating a house with coal
      Correct answer: Cycling instead of driving

      Q5.
      Which human activity contributes most to climate change?

      Correct answer: Burning fossil fuels
      Drinking bottled water
      Watching TV
      Using pencils

      Q6.
      Which of the following shows a misunderstanding of human impact on the planet?

      Correct answer: Human activity cannot change Earth’s systems
      Humans have cleared land for cities
      Humans contribute to air pollution
      Humans extract resources

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions:

      Correct Answer:Spearman's rank,A test showing the strength of correlation between two variables

      A test showing the strength of correlation between two variables

      Correct Answer:Micro-scale enquiries,Enquiries focused on a small area like a street

      Enquiries focused on a small area like a street

      Correct Answer:Macro-scale enquiries,Enquiries focused on a large area like a city or country

      Enquiries focused on a large area like a city or country

      Q2.
      Why might geographers use statistical tests like Spearman’s rank?

      To build a model of the future
      Correct answer: To check patterns in their data
      To draw the neatest graphs
      To take photographs

      Q3.
      Which of the following best describes micro-scale enquiry data?

      It compares whole countries
      It only uses government data
      Correct answer: It focuses on a small location
      It uses satellite images only

      Q4.
      Which of these would best describe a misunderstanding about statistical tests?

      They help geographers see links in data
      They are useful in enquiries
      Correct answer: Only people who are good at maths can use them
      They can support conclusions

      To help you plan your 9 geography lesson on: Fieldwork: Analysing, concluding and evaluating air pollution data, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...