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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain why fossil fuels are being phased out and what challenges this creates.

      Key learning points

      1. Fossil fuels release large amounts of carbon dioxide when burned.
      2. Fossil fuels are non-renewable and contribute to climate change.
      3. Some countries rely heavily on fossil fuels for energy and income.
      4. Moving away from fossil fuels requires investment and new technology.
      5. There is disagreement about how quickly fossil fuels should be phased out.

      Keywords

      • Fossil fuel - natural substances that were formed over millions of years ago from the buried remains of ancient organisms. They include coal, oil and gas

      • Non-renewable energy - energy sources, such as fossil fuels, that cannot be replaced and will eventually run out

      • Renewable energy - sources of energy that can be reused and will not be used up or run out

      • Decarbonisation - reducing the amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) released into the atmosphere from processes such as burning fossil fuels

      Common misconception

      We are sourcing more energy from renewables than fossil fuels.

      Over 80% of global energy still comes from coal, oil, and gas.

      Teacher tip

      Ask students if they have seen any of the measures which are helping us to reach net zero, electric cars, wind turbines, etc.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their meanings.

      Correct Answer:Anthropocene,Current time when humans shape Earth’s systems

      Current time when humans shape Earth’s systems

      Correct Answer:biodiversity,The variety of living things on Earth

      The variety of living things on Earth

      Correct Answer:carbon footprint,Total CO₂ released by someone’s activities

      Total CO₂ released by someone’s activities

      Correct Answer:deforestation,The cutting down of trees on a large scale

      The cutting down of trees on a large scale

      Q2.
      Which of these is a sign of the Anthropocene?

      Natural earthquakes
      Daily tides
      Correct answer: Global plastic pollution
      Volcanic eruptions

      Q3.
      What does deforestation often lead to?

      More habitats
      Correct answer: Soil erosion
      Lower carbon dioxide
      Increased rainfall

      Q4.
      Which of these reduces your carbon footprint?

      Driving more
      Eating more meat
      Flying more often
      Correct answer: Recycling and reusing

      Q5.
      Burning fossil fuels increases the amount of in the atmosphere.

      Correct Answer: carbon, carbon dioxide

      Q6.
      Which of these is a cause of biodiversity loss?

      Correct answer: Building over natural habitats
      Cleaning rivers
      Planting more forests
      Protecting wildlife

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their meanings.

      Correct Answer:fossil fuel,Fuel made from remains of ancient organisms

      Fuel made from remains of ancient organisms

      Correct Answer:non-renewable energy,Energy that will run out and can't be replaced

      Energy that will run out and can't be replaced

      Correct Answer:renewable energy,Energy that can be reused and won’t run out

      Energy that can be reused and won’t run out

      Correct Answer:decarbonisation,Cutting CO₂ released into the atmosphere

      Cutting CO₂ released into the atmosphere

      Q2.
      What is the biggest source of global energy today?

      Wind
      Correct answer: Coal
      Solar
      Biofuel

      Q3.
      Which of these is a benefit of renewable energy?

      It pollutes air
      It runs out quickly
      Correct answer: It reduces CO₂ emissions from energy production
      It increases global warming

      Q4.
      What is a challenge of switching to renewables?

      No one supports them
      They cost nothing
      Correct answer: Some weather is unreliable
      They release more CO₂

      Q5.
      Many people believe we already use more renewables than fossil fuels. Why is this not correct?

      Fossil fuels are banned
      Correct answer: Most energy still comes from fossil fuels
      Wind and solar are cheaper
      Fossil fuels don’t release CO₂

      To help you plan your 9 geography lesson on: Phasing out fossil fuels, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...