Choose exam board for KS4 Computer Science (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 English
Choose exam board for KS4 French
Choose exam board for KS4 Geography
Choose exam board for KS4 German
Choose exam board for KS4 History
Choose tier for KS4 Maths
Choose exam board for KS4 Music
Choose exam board for KS4 Physical education (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 Religious education (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 Spanish

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain the link between migration and inequality.

      Key learning points

      1. Inequality in wealth between countries can lead to migration.
      2. On average, people are more likely to move from lower-income countries to higher-income countries.
      3. Inequality in safety between countries can lead to migration.
      4. Refugees often have to flee quickly and they are likely to go to a bordering country.
      5. Listening to people's experiences of migration helps us understand the variety of reasons people move.

      Keywords

      • Forced migration - when people are forced to migrate due to war, famine, climate change or natural disasters

      • Voluntary migration - when people choose to migrate to improve their income and quality of life

      • Refugee - a person who has been forced to leave their country and cannot return home safely

      Common misconception

      Most people who have to flee their home due to war will travel a long distance away from their country.

      Although some refugees will travel a long distance, most people who have to leave quickly for their own safety will travel to a neighbouring country.

      Teacher tip

      Real-life stories of migration help humanise the topic. Look for videos or get people who have migrated to speak to the class to make sure that pupils understand the complexity of migration.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

      Loading...

      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is global inequality?

      When all countries have equal access to resources
      Correct answer: The uneven distribution of wealth, resources, and opportunities worldwide
      A system where every country has the same income
      Only differences in money between countries

      Q2.
      Which of the following can increase inequality?

      Governments investing in public services
      All countries trading fairly
      Correct answer: Unequal access to education and healthcare
      Equal job opportunities for all

      Q3.
      How can development help reduce inequality?

      Correct answer: By improving education, healthcare, and job opportunities
      By keeping wages low for workers
      By preventing economic growth
      By focusing only on wealthy countries

      Q4.
      Which indicator is commonly used to measure economic development?

      Weather patterns
      Number of sports teams
      Population size
      Correct answer: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita

      Q5.
      Why is GDP per capita not the best measure of development?

      It includes all aspects of quality of life.
      It measures health and education equally.
      Correct answer: It doesn’t show differences in wealth within a country.
      It shows how resources are shared fairly.

      Q6.
      How can physical geography impact a country's development?

      Only climate matters for development.
      Correct answer: It can affect resources, trade, and agriculture.
      It has no impact on development.
      Countries with mountains are always richer.

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      What is migration?

      Staying in the same place for life
      Correct answer: The movement of people from one place to another
      Only moving within a country
      The forced movement of animals

      Q2.
      What is a refugee?

      Someone who chooses to live abroad for fun
      Someone who moves for a better job
      Correct answer: A person forced to leave their country due to war, persecution, or disaster
      A tourist visiting another country

      Q3.
      Where do most refugees flee when escaping conflict?

      To a country on a different continent
      Correct answer: To a neighbouring country
      To the wealthiest country they can reach
      To a country with the same language

      Q4.
      How can migration increase inequality?

      Migration has no impact on inequality.
      Everyone benefits equally from migration.
      Migration always reduces inequality.
      Correct answer: Skilled workers leaving a country can slow its development.

      To help you plan your 8 geography lesson on: Inequality and migration, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...