New
New
Year 9

A solution: genetically modified crops

I can assess the advantages and challenges of genetically modified crops in tackling global food issues and environmental pressures.

New
New
Year 9

A solution: genetically modified crops

I can assess the advantages and challenges of genetically modified crops in tackling global food issues and environmental pressures.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. GM crops are plants whose genes have been altered in a lab to give them improved traits.
  2. GM crops offer higher yields, pest resistance, nutrition, climate resilience, longer shelf-life, and lower costs.
  3. Bt maize improved food security and income for many rural communities.
  4. Concerns include breeding super weeds, long term health issues, resistant pests and big businesses control.
  5. Bollworms developed resistance to Bt cotton in India.

Keywords

  • GM crops - plants whose genes have been altered in a lab to give them improved traits

  • Yield - the amount produced, especially in farming

  • Pesticide - substances that are added to soil or sprayed on plants to protect the plants from pests such as insects

  • Herbicide - substances that are added to soil or sprayed on plants to protect the plants from weeds

Common misconception

All the tests run on GM crops have found that they create no health issues.

Most major scientific bodies find no conclusive evidence of harm from approved GM foods, which have all been tested. However, some animal studies raise questions, and critics argue that long-term human studies are limited.


To help you plan your year 9 geography lesson on: A solution: genetically modified crops, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

There is potential for a creative homework. Can students come up with a crop that would change the world? What challenge are they trying to overcome? Which crop should be selected for modification - one that is eaten a lot, but hasn't been modified already? How would it be modified? Be realistic!
Teacher tip

Equipment

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Match the keywords with their meanings:

Correct Answer:Renewable,Resource that can be replaced naturally

Resource that can be replaced naturally

Correct Answer:Non-renewable,Resource that will run out one day

Resource that will run out one day

Correct Answer:Sustainable,Use that meets needs now and in future

Use that meets needs now and in future

Correct Answer:Natural resource,Materials from nature useful to people

Materials from nature useful to people

Q2.
Which of these is a renewable resource?

Coal
Oil
Correct answer: Wind
Natural gas

Q3.
Which of the following is not a natural resource?

Water
Correct answer: Plastic
Trees
Sunlight

Q4.
What does 'sustainable use of resources' mean?

Using more than needed
Avoiding natural resources
Correct answer: Using resources so they last
Replacing all resources

Q5.
Resources that can be replaced naturally are called .

Correct Answer: renewable

Q6.
Which country uses the most energy per person?

India
Nigeria
Correct answer: USA
Brazil

Assessment exit quiz

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5 Questions

Q1.
Match each keyword with the correct short definition:

Correct Answer:GM crops,Genes changed in a lab for better traits

Genes changed in a lab for better traits

Correct Answer:Yield,Amount produced in farming

Amount produced in farming

Correct Answer:Pesticide,Kills insects and protects crops

Kills insects and protects crops

Correct Answer:Herbicide,Kills weeds and protects crops

Kills weeds and protects crops

Q2.
What does 'GM' stand for in GM crops?

Genetically Made
Green Materials
Global Method
Correct answer: Genetically Modified

Q3.
What is the main purpose of genetic modification in crops?

Make them tastier
Correct answer: Help them grow more quickly
Change their colour
Reduce water use

Q4.
The total amount of food produced on a farm is called the .

Correct Answer: yield

Q5.
Which statement best explains the issue with assuming GM crops are always safe?

Correct answer: Some testing is limited
All crops are risky
No crops are tested
Organic food is better