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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can give reasons for Russia’s uneven population distribution and describe and explain major changes to Russia’s population since 1950.

      Key learning points

      1. Russia has the ninth largest population in the world and more people live in the west than the east.
      2. Population densities vary and reasons include climate and infrastructure.
      3. Since 1990, birth rates have been declining and Russia's total population has started to fall.
      4. Russia’s population is ageing with increasing numbers of people aged 65+ due to improvements in life expectancy.
      5. Migration within Russia is significant, with urban populations growing while rural populations are declining.

      Keywords

      • Population density - the average number of people that live within a square kilometre

      • Choropleth - a type of map which uses different shades of colours to show the amount of something

      • Natural increase - a calculation involving birth and death rates to understand population growth rates

      • Ageing population - a large and growing part of a country's people are elderly

      • Urbanisation - process by which more people move from rural areas to cities

      Common misconception

      Pupils often get the command language of describe and explain mixed up, most often causing them to explain something when just a description has been asked for.

      A description gives details of what something is like. It should contain as much detail as possible. An explanation gives reasons for the features and should use langauge such as 'because', 'as a result of', 'due to'.

      Teacher tip

      Use Our World in Data to compare Russia's population growth to other countries. You can also use this site to play animations of changes to different features of population over time.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which major Russian river flows into the Arctic Ocean?

      Danube
      Volga
      Correct answer: Lena
      Rhine

      Q2.
      What is permafrost?

      Frozen rivers
      Correct answer: Permanently frozen ground
      Icebergs
      Snowy mountains

      Q3.
      What type of power is generated by Russia's rivers?

      Nuclear
      Solar
      Correct answer: Hydroelectric
      Wind

      Q4.
      Which natural resource is Russia especially rich in?

      Minerals
      Coal
      Timber
      Correct answer: All of the above

      Q5.
      What limits farming in large parts of Russia?

      Pollution
      Lack of workers
      Correct answer: Cold climate and permafrost
      Too much water

      Q6.
      Where are most of Russia's largest cities located?

      Correct answer: In the west
      Near the Arctic
      In the east
      In forests

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keyword to its correct definition:

      Correct Answer:population density,The number of people per square kilometre

      The number of people per square kilometre

      Correct Answer:choropleth,A map that uses shades to show differences

      A map that uses shades to show differences

      Correct Answer:ageing population,When more of a country’s people are elderly

      When more of a country’s people are elderly

      Q2.
      Why is Russia's population ageing?

      There are no younger people
      Death rates have increased
      Birth rates are rising
      Correct answer: People are living longer

      Q3.
      Why do fewer people live in eastern Russia?

      Too many cities
      Very warm temperatures
      Fewer natural resources
      Correct answer: Harsh climate and limited infrastructure

      Q4.
      Which of the following is a description rather than an explanation?

      More people live in western Russia because of milder weather
      Russia’s population is ageing due to low birth rates
      Correct answer: Population is high in the west and low in the east
      People move to cities as a result of more job opportunities

      To help you plan your 9 geography lesson on: The population of Russia, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...