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      The story of Russia through maps (1914 - present)

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can analyse historical maps to understand how Russia's borders have changed since 1914.

      Key learning points

      1. Russia's borders have changed over time.
      2. Russia lost territory during World War I, and instability led to the formation of the Soviet Union.
      3. After World War II, the Soviet Union expanded in Eastern Europe.
      4. The USSR collapsed in 1991, creating independent republics such as Ukraine, Belarus, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
      5. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is an attempt to redraw their western border.

      Keywords

      • USSR - also called the Soviet Union, it was a large communist country led by Russia (1922–1991)

      • Border - a line that separates places like countries or regions

      • Identity - how someone sees themselves, shaped by culture, history, beliefs, language, and experiences

      • Communism - a system where the government owns property, and resources are shared equally

      • Democracy - a system where people vote to choose leaders, allowing them to shape laws and decisions

      Common misconception

      Russia and the USSR are the same.

      Russia was the largest part of the USSR, but they are not the same. The USSR was a union of 15 republics, including Russia. It dissolved in 1991, and each republic, like Ukraine and Georgia, became independent.

      Teacher tip

      This lesson includes reference to the war in Ukraine, but it is important to assess the extent to which you want to discuss this with your class depending upon the context.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match each keyword with its correct definition:

      Correct Answer:permafrost,permanently frozen ground

      permanently frozen ground

      Correct Answer:infrastructure,thick ice-covered landmass found in the Arctic

      thick ice-covered landmass found in the Arctic

      Correct Answer:border,shared dividing line between countries

      shared dividing line between countries

      Correct Answer:physical barrier,natural feature that makes movement difficult

      natural feature that makes movement difficult

      Q2.
      What word describes Russia sharing land borders with many other countries?

      Coastal
      Continental
      Enclosed
      Correct answer: Bordered

      Q3.
      Which of these is a physical feature that affects movement in Russia?

      Railways
      Roads
      Correct answer: Mountains
      Airports

      Q4.
      Which region of Russia is more economically developed and populated?

      The far east
      Correct answer: Western Russia
      The northern coast
      The Arctic islands

      Q5.
      Why is transport across Russia sometimes difficult?

      It’s very flat
      It has no rivers
      The weather is always sunny
      Correct answer: The country is vast with extreme climates

      Q6.
      Which of the following is not an example of physical geography?

      Correct answer: Factories
      Rivers
      Mountains
      Forests

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match each keyword to its correct definition:

      Correct Answer:USSR,A union of 15 countries, led by Russia (1922–1991)

      A union of 15 countries, led by Russia (1922–1991)

      Correct Answer:border,A line separating countries or regions

      A line separating countries or regions

      Correct Answer:identity,How people see themselves, shaped by culture and history

      How people see themselves, shaped by culture and history

      Correct Answer:communism,A country where property is shared and controlled by the state

      A country where property is shared and controlled by the state

      Correct Answer:democracy,A country where leaders are chosen by voting

      A country where leaders are chosen by voting

      Q2.
      Which word describes how someone sees themselves based on culture and history?

      Correct answer: Identity
      Border
      Government
      Economy

      Q3.
      What change happened to Russia’s borders after World War I?

      Russia gained land in Africa
      Russia became larger
      Correct answer: Russia lost land and became unstable
      Russia joined the European Union

      Q4.
      What is the misunderstanding some people have about Russia and the USSR?

      They think the USSR still exists
      They think Russia was never part of the USSR
      They think Russia has no borders
      Correct answer: They think Russia and the USSR are the same thing

      To help you plan your 9 geography lesson on: The story of Russia through maps (1914 - present), download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...