New
New
Year 8

Colonial history and legacy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

I can describe the impact of colonial rule on the DRC and its lasting effects.

New
New
Year 8

Colonial history and legacy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

I can describe the impact of colonial rule on the DRC and its lasting effects.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. The DRC was a former Belgian colony and has had multiple names over time including the Belgian Congo and Zaire.
  2. King Leopold II exploited the country's natural resources and people, causing millions of deaths.
  3. After independence in 1960, the DRC faced political instability and conflict.
  4. Colonial borders and exploitation still affect the DRC today.

Keywords

  • Colony - a country or area that is controlled by another country and has people living there from the controlling country

  • Legacy - something handed down or passed on from an earlier generation

  • Natural resources - resources that come from Earth without human influence and can be used for human needs

  • Border - the dividing lines between two countries

  • To exploit - to use something for personal benefit

Common misconception

That countries are always the same shape and size, with the same borders and the same name throughout their history and that these aspects will never change.

History has shown that in many countries borders move, countries expand or shrink and the name of any given country is not fixed and permanent. These things are often the result of conflict or warfare which causes significant political change.


To help you plan your year 8 geography lesson on: Colonial history and legacy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Read a passage from Conrad's 'Heart of darkness' to get pupils thinking about the impact of colonialism in the DRC.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of discriminatory behaviour
  • Depiction or discussion of sensitive content
  • Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

Supervision

Adult supervision recommended

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

Download quiz pdf

6 Questions

Q1.
What continent is the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in?

Asia
Europe
Correct answer: Africa
South America

Q2.
Which of the following countries borders the DRC?

Brazil
Kenya
Correct answer: Uganda
Spain

Q3.
What is the capital city of the DRC?

Correct answer: Kinshasa
Paris
Tokyo
Nairobi

Q4.
The DRC is located closest to which major line of latitude?

Tropic of Cancer
Correct answer: Equator
Arctic Circle
Tropic of Capricorn

Q5.
What type of climate does the DRC have?

Desert
Temperate
Arctic
Correct answer: Tropical

Q6.
Approximately how many people live in the DRC?

5 million
20 million
50 million
Correct answer: Over 100 million

Assessment exit quiz

Download quiz pdf

4 Questions

Q1.
Which European country colonised the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)?

France
Germany
Correct answer: Belgium
Britain

Q2.
What does the word colony mean?

A country that rules over others
Correct answer: A country or area controlled by another country
A large group of animals
A place with many natural disasters

Q3.
What does "to exploit" mean in colonial history?

To protect and preserve
To learn from something
Correct answer: To use something for personal benefit
To make something fun

Q4.
What was one main reason Belgium wanted to colonise the Congo?

To learn local languages
To study wildlife
Correct answer: To gain natural resources
To make peace