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      Climate change and environmental challenges in the Middle East

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how climate change affects the Middle East.

      Key learning points

      1. Rising temperatures make the region hotter and drier.
      2. Water scarcity is worsening due to climate change, and this impacts food supplies.
      3. Countries can use their natural resources to respond to climate change.

      Keywords

      • Climate change - the large-scale and long-term change in the planet’s climate, including weather patterns and average temperatures

      • Desertification - the process by which semi-arid land becomes drier and turns into desert

      • Water scarcity - when there are not enough freshwater resources to meet the needs in a given area

      Common misconception

      The Middle East is already hot and dry, so climate change won’t really affect it.

      Climate change will continue to make the region hotter and drier, which will have consequences such as desertification, water scarcity and food shortages.

      Teacher tip

      Try to make links between the impacts of climate change in the UK to support students in understanding the global scale of the issues surorunding climate change.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of the following is a major environmental concern in the Middle East?

      Hurricanes
      Flooded forests
      Correct answer: Desertification
      Ice melting

      Q2.
      Long-term lack of rainfall can lead to severe .

      Correct Answer: drought

      Q3.
      What is one reason water is becoming more scarce in the Middle East?

      Too many lakes
      Decreasing oil production
      Correct answer: Rising demand and dry climate
      Melting glaciers

      Q4.
      What type of pollution is a growing issue in cities like Tehran or Riyadh?

      Water
      Correct answer: Air
      Soil
      Light

      Q5.
      What is the impact of overusing groundwater in dry areas?

      Correct answer: Aquifers can run dry
      Underground water rises
      Rivers get deeper
      Soil gets stronger

      Q6.
      What human activity speeds up desertification in the Middle East?

      Correct answer: Overgrazing
      Reforestation
      Conservation
      Eco-tourism

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions:

      Correct Answer:Climate change,Long-term global weather pattern changes

      Long-term global weather pattern changes

      Correct Answer:Desertification,Dry land becoming desert

      Dry land becoming desert

      Correct Answer:Water scarcity,Not enough freshwater for needs

      Not enough freshwater for needs

      Q2.
      Which of the following is a likely effect of climate change in the Middle East?

      Cooler winters
      Increased rainfall
      More forest growth
      Correct answer: More heat and less rainfall

      Q3.
      How might climate change affect food supply in the Middle East?

      Better crop growth
      More fishing in the desert
      Correct answer: Drought reduces crop yields
      It will not affect farming

      Q4.
      Why is the idea that climate change won't affect the Middle East wrong?

      It will only affect cold regions
      Climate change makes deserts shrink
      Correct answer: It will worsen dryness, causing serious challenges
      The region is protected by oil wealth

      To help you plan your 9 geography lesson on: Climate change and environmental challenges in the Middle East, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...