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      Physical landscapes of the Middle East

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can define the location and key landscapes of the Middle East.

      Key learning points

      1. The Middle East lies at the crossroads of continents.
      2. It has deserts, mountains, plateaux, and fertile valleys.
      3. The Zagros and Taurus Mountains were formed by tectonic movement.
      4. The Rub' al Khali is the largest sand desert in the Middle East.

      Keywords

      • Tectonic - the large scale processes that take place within Earth’s crust

      • Mountain - a natural, raised part of Earth that is higher than a hill

      • Plateau - an area of high, flat land

      • Desert - an area of land that is extremely dry and receives less than 25 centimetres of rain per year

      Common misconception

      The Middle East is all desert.

      Students will learn that the Middle East contains diverse landscapes including mountains, valleys, and fertile land.

      Teacher tip

      Using a large wall map or interactive digital map will help students visualise the physical and political geography of the region.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the physical landscape features to their descriptions:

      Correct Answer:Mountain,A very high area of land, often with steep sides

      A very high area of land, often with steep sides

      Correct Answer:River,A natural stream of water flowing through the land

      A natural stream of water flowing through the land

      Correct Answer:Coast,The land next to the sea

      The land next to the sea

      Correct Answer:Plain,Flat land that stretches for a long distance

      Flat land that stretches for a long distance

      Q2.
      Which of these is part of the coastal landscape?

      Correct answer: Cliff
      Valley
      Hill
      River

      Q3.
      Which of the following is an example of a physical landscape in the UK?

      The London Underground
      Correct answer: The Lake District
      Heathrow Airport
      Manchester Arena

      Q4.
      What is a valley?

      A steep cliff near the sea
      A flat area at the top of a mountain
      Correct answer: A low area of land between hills or mountains
      A river that flows underground

      Q5.
      Which process can shape physical landscapes over time?

      Voting
      Correct answer: Erosion
      Shopping
      Printing

      Q6.
      Which of these landscapes would you most likely find in a desert?

      Glacier
      Cliff
      Bay
      Correct answer: Sand dune

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions.

      Correct Answer:Tectonic,Large-scale processes within Earth’s crust

      Large-scale processes within Earth’s crust

      Correct Answer:Mountain,A high natural area rising above the surrounding land

      A high natural area rising above the surrounding land

      Correct Answer:Plateau,A high flat area of land

      A high flat area of land

      Correct Answer:Desert,Large-scale processes within Earth’s crust

      Large-scale processes within Earth’s crust

      Q2.
      What makes a desert a desert?

      It has lots of sand
      It is very cold
      Correct answer: It receives very little rainfall
      It has no animals or plants

      Q3.
      The Middle East is not just desert – it also has such as the Zagros range.

      Correct Answer: mountains

      Q4.
      Why is it incorrect to say “The only physical geography in the Middle East is desert”?

      Because some parts are cold
      Because some parts are cities
      Correct answer: Because the region has mountains, rivers, and fertile areas
      Because the desert is not very big

      To help you plan your 9 geography lesson on: Physical landscapes of the Middle East, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...