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      Sustainable use of water resources

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how sustainable strategies can increase water supply while protecting the environment for future generations, and explain how the Turkana water scheme in Kenya is sustainable.

      Key learning points

      1. Sustainable strategies to increase water supply include water conservation, groundwater management and recycling.
      2. The Turkana County water project, in Kenya, is an example of a local scheme to increase sustainable water supplies.
      3. Groundwater management and improved water access has helped the community to adapt to the impacts of climate change.

      Keywords

      • Sustainable - long-lasting, typically with minimal or no harmful impacts on the environment

      • Water conservation - reducing waste, such as through leakages, and unnecessary use e.g. using drinking water to flush toilets

      • Groundwater management - regulation and control of water levels, pollution, ownership and use of groundwater

      • 'grey' water - water from sinks, showers and washing machines that, whilst not suitable for drinking, can be used for other purposes

      Common misconception

      'Grey' water includes the reuse of water already used to flush the toilet - yuck!

      ‘Grey’ water does not include water that has been used to flush toilets as that water is too contaminated to be used again without treatment. However, one of the possible uses for ‘grey’ water from baths, showers, sinks etc is to flush toilets.

      Teacher tip

      It may be possible for students to assess the water conservation methods used in your school or college and make suggestions for improvements.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions.

      Correct Answer:resource,a material that people find useful
      Correct Answer:surplus,when the supply of a resource is greater than demand
      Correct Answer:deficit,when demand for a resource exceeds supply
      Correct Answer:consumption,using up of a resource

      Q2.
      Which of these is not a key resource people rely on daily?

      energy
      air
      Correct answer: gold
      water

      Q3.
      Which factor causes some countries to have a resource deficit?

      access to global trade
      Correct answer: high population and limited natural supply
      large land area
      low energy demand

      Q4.
      Which region has a surplus of freshwater resources?

      Middle East
      North Africa
      Correct answer: Amazon Basin
      Arabian Peninsula

      Q5.
      Why do some countries import large amounts of food?

      to reduce their population
      because they have surplus food
      to stop climate change
      Correct answer: due to lack of fertile land or water

      Q6.
      Which statement best describes the global pattern of water use?

      LICs use more water than HICs.
      Correct answer: HICs tend to consume more water per person.
      Water use is the same everywhere.
      Only hot countries waste water.

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keyword to its definition.

      Correct Answer:sustainable,long-lasting and environmentally low impact
      Correct Answer:water conservation,reducing waste and unnecessary water use
      Correct Answer:groundwater management,controlling water levels, quality and use
      Correct Answer:grey water,wastewater reused from sinks or showers

      Q2.
      Which of the following is a benefit of groundwater management?

      increased water pollution
      unlimited water supply
      Correct answer: better control over water availability
      no need for rain

      Q3.
      What is a key aim of sustainable water use?

      to use water as quickly as possible
      Correct answer: to make water last while reducing harm to the environment
      to avoid using any water at all
      to rely only on bottled water

      Q4.
      Why is it incorrect to say grey water includes water from toilets?

      Toilet water is clear and clean.
      Toilet water is stored underground.
      It’s only used in industry.
      Correct answer: It is too contaminated for reuse without treatment.

      To help you plan your 11 geography lesson on: Sustainable use of water resources, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...