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      Energy resources in the UK

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can discuss opportunities and challenges resulting from the UK's changing energy mix.

      Key learning points

      1. Changing demand and provision of energy in the UK creates opportunities and challanges.
      2. The energy mix in the UK is changing.
      3. There are reduced domestic supplies of coal, gas and oil.
      4. There are economic and environmental issues associated with energy exploitation.

      Keywords

      • Non-renewables - natural sources of energy that will run out because they cannot be reproduced, such as fossil fuels (coal, oil and natural gas) and nuclear power (uranium)

      • Carbon emissions - the release of carbon into the atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect and global warming

      • Energy mix - the combination of different energy sources used by a country or a region. The energy mix can change over time

      • Renewables - natural sources of energy that will never run out, such as wind, water and solar energy

      Common misconception

      Only the extraction and use of non-renewable energy has environmental consequences.

      Renewables and recyclables can have environmental consequences too, although they generally cause less harm than fossil fuels. These consequences can include impacts on biodiversity and the ability of ecosystems to absorb carbon dioxide.

      Teacher tip

      GIS offers excellent opportunities to identify and assess (e.g. measure change over time) environmental impacts of energy extraction and generation in the UK landscape.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match these terms with their definitions.

      Correct Answer:energy mix,a country’s range of energy sources

      a country’s range of energy sources

      Correct Answer:fossil fuels,fuels like coal, oil and gas made from ancient remains

      fuels like coal, oil and gas made from ancient remains

      Correct Answer:renewable,a source that won’t run out, like wind or solar

      a source that won’t run out, like wind or solar

      Q2.
      What is meant by the UK’s changing energy mix?

      It now only uses fossil fuels
      It has stopped using all energy
      Correct answer: It uses more renewables and less coal
      It imports all energy from abroad

      Q3.
      Which of these is a renewable energy source?

      Correct answer: Wind
      Oil
      Coal
      Natural gas

      Q4.
      What is an environmental concern with fossil fuels?

      They cool the planet
      They are easy to transport
      Correct answer: They release carbon dioxide
      They produce oxygen

      Q5.
      What is one economic challenge of renewable energy?

      Correct answer: It can be expensive to install
      It always works at night
      It uses more fuel
      It increases coal use

      Q6.
      Which of these is a benefit of renewable energy?

      It is made from coal
      Correct answer: It reduces carbon emissions
      It never stops working
      It uses oil

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions.

      Correct Answer:Non-renewables,Natural energy sources that will run out

      Natural energy sources that will run out

      Correct Answer:Carbon emissions,Carbon released into the atmosphere

      Carbon released into the atmosphere

      Correct Answer:Energy mix,A country’s combination of energy sources

      A country’s combination of energy sources

      Correct Answer:Renewables,Natural energy sources that won’t run out

      Natural energy sources that won’t run out

      Q2.
      What is the main concern with carbon emissions?

      They are colourful
      They improve air quality
      Correct answer: They contribute to global warming
      They make plants grow faster

      Q3.
      The UK is reducing use because of pollution and carbon emissions.

      Correct Answer: coal

      Q4.
      What is one reason the UK still uses some fossil fuels?

      Correct answer: They provide reliable energy
      They are eco-friendly
      They produce no emissions
      They are renewable

      Q5.
      Which statement best shows a misunderstanding about energy impacts?

      Fossil fuels cause carbon emissions
      Wind farms affect wildlife
      Nuclear power produces waste
      Correct answer: Only non-renewables cause environmental problems

      To help you plan your 11 geography lesson on: Energy resources in the UK, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...