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      The importance of food, water and energy for human development

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain the significance of food, water and energy to well-being and describe global inequalities in supply and consumption of these resources.

      Key learning points

      1. Food, water and energy affect economic and social well-being and are fundamental to human development.
      2. There are global inequalities in the supply and consumption of: food, water and energy resources.
      3. Around 10% of people worldwide face hunger; between 740-780 million people.
      4. There is overlap between regions in which many face hunger and those in which many lack safe water and/or electricity.
      5. Supply (or lack of resources) limits consumption in some locations, as does poverty.

      Keywords

      • Resources - materials available in the environment (such as water, food and oil) that support our wants and needs

      • Undernutrition - not consuming enough calories (or nutrients) to maintain a normal, active, healthy life

      • Sanitation - systems designed to protect public health, such as disposing of sewage and other waste products

      Common misconception

      Access to electricity means 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

      Having access to electricity means having an electricity source that can provide lighting and charge a phone or radio for 4 hours a day. In LICs, and some NEEs, electricity outages are part of daily life.

      Teacher tip

      There will be opportunities to reinforce key ideas about inequality and resource management in later lessons looking at global resources; choose between food, water and energy for your students key focus.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definition.

      Correct Answer:well-being,people's quality of life and basic needs

      people's quality of life and basic needs

      Correct Answer:consumption,the use of food, water or energy

      the use of food, water or energy

      Correct Answer:supply,the amount of a resource that is avalible

      the amount of a resource that is avalible

      Q2.
      Which of these is essential for human development?

      Mobile phones
      Sports facilities
      Correct answer: Food, water and energy
      Social media access

      Q3.
      What percentage of people globally face hunger?

      2%
      Correct answer: Around 10%
      Around 50%
      Over 80%

      Q4.
      Which areas are most affected by lack of food, water and energy?

      Cities in rich countries
      Correct answer: Poorer regions in the world
      Rural areas in the UK
      Places with lots of technology

      Q5.
      Many people lack access to clean , which affects health and development.

      Correct Answer: water

      Q6.
      What is one reason some people use fewer resources than others?

      They don’t want to
      They prefer natural living
      Everyone uses the same amount
      Correct answer: Poverty and limited supply

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions.

      Correct Answer:resources,materials that meet human needs, like water and food

      materials that meet human needs, like water and food

      Correct Answer:undernutrition,not eating enough to stay healthy

      not eating enough to stay healthy

      Correct Answer:sanitation,safe systems for dealing with waste

      safe systems for dealing with waste

      Q2.
      How does a lack of clean water affect people?

      It saves money
      It improves cooking
      Correct answer: It can cause illness
      It has no effect

      Q3.
      What is one way energy helps development?

      By planting trees
      Correct answer: By powering homes and businesses
      By making noise
      By lowering food costs

      Q4.
      Which is true about electricity access in some LICs?

      Everyone has power all day
      It's never available
      It works better than in HICs
      Correct answer: It may only work for a few hours

      To help you plan your 11 geography lesson on: The importance of food, water and energy for human development, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...