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      Water resources in the UK

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how changing demand for water in the UK creates opportunities and challenges.

      Key learning points

      1. Changing demand and provision of water in the UK creates opportunities and challanges.
      2. Demand for water is changing and there are issues matching supply to demand.
      3. There is a need for water transfers within the UK to maintain supplies.
      4. There are various causes of water pollution including agricultural runoff, industrial discharges and sewage spills.
      5. Pollution management is needed to maintain water quality and protect the environment.

      Keywords

      • Water transfer - the movement of water (through pipes or via canals or rivers) from areas of water surplus to areas of water deficit

      • Water stress - when the demand for water exceeds the available amount during a certain period or when poor quality restricts its use

      • Water quality - a measure used to assess the suitability of water for drinking and for supporting river ecosystems

      Common misconception

      Our wastewater is treated and sent straight to our taps, to drink.

      Few water systems link wastewater treatment plants to the supply system, with treated water going into covered reservoirs before the clean water network. Most release treated wastewater into rivers; from where it is abstracted downstream, later on.

      Teacher tip

      If you plan to study the water lessons, within the Global pattern of resources topic, you will have opportunites to reinforce the impact of water quality on water security. If not, this is the opportunity to discuss the link water quality and the environment with your future domestic consumers.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?

      natural gas
      coal
      Correct answer: wind
      oil

      Q2.
      What resource is mainly used for generating electricity in the UK today?

      coal
      Correct answer: gas
      oil
      uranium

      Q3.
      Where in the UK are significant oil and gas reserves found?

      Correct answer: North Sea
      South West England
      East Midlands
      Lake District

      Q4.
      What is the term for managing resources so they are available for future generations?

      exploitation
      consumption
      depletion
      Correct answer: sustainability

      Q5.
      Water, energy, and food are examples of essential for human survival.

      Correct Answer: resources

      Q6.
      Which of the following is a reason why food imports to the UK have increased?

      more land for farming
      cheaper local prices
      Correct answer: preference for seasonal and exotic foods
      less demand for food

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their correct definitions.

      Correct Answer:water transfer,movement of water from surplus to deficit areas

      movement of water from surplus to deficit areas

      Correct Answer:water stress,when demand exceeds water availability or quality

      when demand exceeds water availability or quality

      Correct Answer:water quality,measure of how suitable water is for drinking and ecosystems

      measure of how suitable water is for drinking and ecosystems

      Q2.
      What is the main reason water is transferred in the UK?

      to improve water taste
      Correct answer: to move water from areas of surplus to areas of deficit
      to avoid flooding
      to reduce rainfall

      Q3.
      When there is not enough clean water available for people to use, a region may be said to be experiencing water ...

      Correct Answer: stress

      Q4.
      Why is it wrong to say that treated wastewater goes straight to our taps?

      because it is never treated
      because it is always used in factories
      Correct answer: because it is stored and abstracted again downstream
      because the water is too dirty

      To help you plan your 11 geography lesson on: Water resources in the UK, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...