New
New
Year 11
Edexcel B

Costs and benefits to fossil fuel alternatives

I can assess the costs and benefits of alternatives to fossil fuels.

New
New
Year 11
Edexcel B

Costs and benefits to fossil fuel alternatives

I can assess the costs and benefits of alternatives to fossil fuels.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. The UK's energy mix has diversified in response to policies of reducing carbon emissions and improving energy security.
  2. 2020 was the UK's first year in which more electricity came from alternatives to fossil fuels than from non-renewables.
  3. Alternatives to fossil fuels can reduce carbon emissions, improve energy security and diversify the energy mix.
  4. Alternatives to fossil fuels include biofuels, wind, solar, HEP and future technologies such as hydrogen.
  5. Alternatives to fossil fuels have both benefits and costs.

Keywords

  • Energy mix - the combination of different energy sources used by a country or a region. The energy mix can change over time

  • Energy security - the uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price

  • Carbon footprint - the total amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere by an individual, product, process, country, etc

Common misconception

If you got your electricity from 100% renewable energy sources, then your carbon footprint would be zero.

Even if all your electricity comes from renewables, other parts of your lifestyle (like the manufacture of the clothes you wear, the food you eat, the technology you use) still produce carbon emissions elsewhere — often in other countries.


To help you plan your year 11 geography lesson on: Costs and benefits to fossil fuel alternatives, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

The UK's National Grid: Live service (grid.iamkate.com) provides a dashboard of live data on the UK's electricity generation and consumption, which could be a useful resource for students to explore in relation to energy mix and alternatives to fossil fuels.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which of these is a renewable energy source?
Coal
Oil
Correct answer: Solar
Natural gas
Q2.
Which factor most influences energy use in high-income countries?
Correct answer: High levels of industrial activity and consumer demand
Proximity to the Equator
Low population
Fewer cars
Q3.
Why might a country want to reduce fossil fuel use?
To raise energy prices
Correct answer: To cut greenhouse gas emissions
To increase pollution
To use more coal
Q4.
What does an energy mix show?
Countries with no fossil fuels
Correct answer: The proportion of each energy type a country uses
Where the energy is used
How much energy is lost
Q5.
Why might a country use more renewable energy in future?
To increase dependence on coal
Because renewables are always cheaper
Correct answer: To protect the environment and reduce emissions
To import more oil
Q6.
Which energy source is most likely to run out first?
Correct answer: Oil
Wind
Solar
Tidal

Assessment exit quiz

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4 Questions

Q1.
Match the keywords to their definitions.
Correct Answer:Energy mix,A country's combination of energy sources

A country's combination of energy sources

Correct Answer:Energy security,Having reliable and affordable energy avalibility

Having reliable and affordable energy avalibility

Correct Answer:Carbon footprint,Total greenhouse gases caused by one person or activity

Total greenhouse gases caused by one person or activity

Q2.
Which of the following is a renewable energy source?
Oil
Correct answer: Wind
Coal
Gas
Q3.
Why might switching to renewables help a country’s energy security?
It reduces access to technology
It increases fuel imports
It makes energy prices higher
Correct answer: It reduces reliance on imported fossil fuels
Q4.
What is a common misunderstanding about 100% renewable electricity?
It’s good for the environment
Correct answer: That it means your carbon footprint is zero
It costs more than fossil fuels
That it’s only possible in rich countries