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      Reducing demand on fossil fuels

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how energy efficiency and energy conservation in transport and in the home can reduce demand for finite energy resources and reduce carbon emissions.

      Key learning points

      1. Reducing reliance on fossil fuels presents major technical challenges.
      2. Energy efficiency and conservation can reduce demand and help finite energy supplies to last longer.
      3. Energy efficiency and energy conservation can help to reduce carbon emissions.

      Keywords

      • Demand - the amount of energy that is needed to power daily activities

      • Efficiency - energy efficiency means using technology that needs less energy to perform the same task

      • Conservation - energy conservation involves changing people's behaviour in ways that mean they use less energy

      Common misconception

      Energy efficiency and energy conservation mean the same thing.

      In fact, energy efficiency is about using technology to do the same task but with less use of energy, while energy conservation is about changing people's behaviour so they use less energy.

      Teacher tip

      Students could carry out a review of energy efficient technology in the school and make suggestions for how energy conservation could be improved within the school day.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of the following is an example of a country with high energy consumption?

      Chad
      Correct answer: USA
      Nepal
      Haiti

      Q2.
      Why might a low-income country use less energy overall?

      Correct answer: Less industry and lower access to electricity
      They use more electric cars
      They have more resources
      Their population is always smaller

      Q3.
      Which sector uses the most energy in high-income countries?

      Primary
      Correct answer: Tertiary
      Quaternary
      Informal

      Q4.
      How does economic development affect energy demand?

      Correct answer: It increases energy use
      It causes energy shortages
      It lowers consumption
      It makes people share more

      Q5.
      Why might two countries with similar populations use different amounts of energy?

      Correct answer: They have different economic development levels
      They have the same energy policies
      They are neighbours
      They use the same language

      Q6.
      What is one reason energy use is growing in emerging countries?

      Correct answer: Industrialisation and urban growth
      Energy-saving habits
      Decline in transport use
      Fewer factories

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords to their definitions.

      Correct Answer:Demand,Amount of energy needed for everyday activities

      Amount of energy needed for everyday activities

      Correct Answer:Efficiency,Using less energy to do the same job

      Using less energy to do the same job

      Correct Answer:Conservation,Changing behaviour to use less energy

      Changing behaviour to use less energy

      Q2.
      Which of the following is an example of energy conservation?

      Installing LED lighting
      Correct answer: Turning lights off when not needed
      Using solar panels
      Buying a new boiler

      Q3.
      Which is an example of improving energy efficiency?

      Walking instead of driving
      Correct answer: Replacing a halogen bulb with an LED
      Turning the heating off when you go out
      Taking shorter showers

      Q4.
      What is the main aim of reducing energy demand?

      Correct answer: To use fewer fossil fuels
      To make energy bills higher
      To increase car use
      To stop people from using energy

      To help you plan your 11 geography lesson on: Reducing demand on fossil fuels, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...