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      Challenges caused by rapid urban population growth: housing

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how rapid population growth in Jakarta has led to housing issues.

      Key learning points

      1. There are challenges for people living in Jakarta.
      2. Rapid population growth has created housing shortages in Jakarta.
      3. Rapid population growth has led to the development of squatter and slum settlements in Jakarta.

      Keywords

      • Kampung - an informal settlement in Indonesian cities that is self-built without planning permission. Homes are overcrowded, poorly constructed, and lack basic services

      • Infrastructure - the basic services and facilities needed for a city to function, such as water supply, electricity, sewage systems, transport and waste collection

      • Cholera - a waterborne disease caused by bacteria in contaminated water or food. It spreads quickly in areas with poor sanitation and can cause severe diarrhoea and dehydration

      Common misconception

      All people in Jakarta have equal access to safe housing with running water.

      Not all people in Jakarta have equal access to safe housing with running water. Poorer communities, especially in informal settlements, often lack basic services, while wealthier areas have more reliable infrastructure.

      Teacher tip

      Students could use Street View to compare housing types and quality in different areas of Jakarta.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these best describes Jakarta’s urbanisation?

      More people moving to rural villages
      Correct answer: Rapid growth of city population and built-up area
      Declining number of city residents
      Reducing the number of buildings

      Q2.
      How does Jakarta’s informal sector help residents?

      By offering guaranteed government jobs
      Correct answer: By providing small-scale trading and day labour opportunities
      By creating large multinational corporations
      By enforcing strict labour regulations

      Q3.
      Why is population density a challenge in Jakarta?

      Correct answer: It increases pressure on housing and services
      It reduces traffic congestion
      It lowers housing costs
      It makes the air cleaner

      Q4.
      Which example shows Jakarta’s infrastructure is under strain?

      Plenty of free parking
      Wide-open green spaces
      No public transport
      Correct answer: Frequent flooding and power outages

      Q5.
      What is a common view about Jakarta’s roads?

      They always run smoothly
      Correct answer: They experience severe traffic congestion daily
      They are empty after 5 pm
      They have no motorbikes

      Q6.
      Which area has grown due to urbanisation in Jakarta?

      Abandoned farmland only
      Correct answer: Suburbs and new satellite cities
      Desert regions
      Mountain villages

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keywords with the definitions.

      Correct Answer:Kampung,Informal settlement lacking basic services
      Correct Answer:Infrastructure,Systems like water, sewage, transport
      Correct Answer:Cholera,Disease caused by bacteria in dirty water

      Q2.
      Why are informal settlements like kampungs common in Jakarta?

      They are built by the government
      Correct answer: Housing demand is higher than supply
      Only the rich want to live there
      They are tourist attractions

      Q3.
      What is one health issue linked to poor sanitation in kampungs?

      Heart disease
      Correct answer: Cholera
      Asthma
      Broken bones

      Q4.
      What type of service is often missing in kampungs?

      Private hospitals
      Internet access
      Cinemas
      Correct answer: Clean water supply

      Q5.
      What is often assumed about housing in cities like Jakarta?

      Only poor people struggle to find housing
      Correct answer: Everyone has access to safe housing and water
      Most homes are built by the government
      There are more homes than needed

      To help you plan your 11 geography lesson on: Challenges caused by rapid urban population growth: housing, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...