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      Trends and causes of population growth in Jakarta

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain factors that have contributed to Jakarta's population growth.

      Key learning points

      1. Jakarta is a rapidly growing megacity.
      2. Natural increase has contributed to population growth.
      3. National and international migration has contributed to population growth.
      4. Economic investment and growth has contributed to population growth.

      Keywords

      • Megacity - a city with a population of over 10 million people

      • Migration - the movement of people from one place to another, either within a country or between countries, often for economic, social, political or environmental reasons

      • Natural increase - the difference between the birth rate and the death rate of a population; occurs when the birth rate is higher than the death rate

      Common misconception

      Rapid urban growth in Jakarta has improved living conditions for everyone, reducing inequality between rich and poor.

      Rapid urban growth in Jakarta has not improved life for everyone. While some benefit from new jobs and development, many poor migrants face rising living costs, limited job security and end up in squatter settlements.

      Teacher tip

      Students could use Street View to explore BSD City and identify features that might make it attractive for companies looking to relocate or invest there.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these best describes Jakarta’s location?

      Inland, far from the coast
      In the eastern highlands of Indonesia
      Correct answer: On the northwest coast of Java
      In central Borneo

      Q2.
      What is one main cause of subsidence in Jakarta?

      Volcanic eruptions
      Correct answer: Excessive groundwater extraction
      Deforestation
      Earthquake activity

      Q3.
      What is the approximate population of Jakarta?

      3 million
      6 million
      Correct answer: Over 10 million
      20 million

      Q4.
      Why is flooding a major concern in Jakarta?

      It's in a desert region
      Correct answer: It is low-lying and experiences high rainfall
      It is mountainous
      It receives very little rain

      Q5.
      What is a significant global role of Jakarta?

      It exports nothing
      It is mainly rural
      Correct answer: It acts as a trade and transport hub
      It relies entirely on aid

      Q6.
      Which statement best describes Jakarta's urban challenges?

      Correct answer: It faces traffic congestion, flooding, and informal housing
      It has a small population
      It has no housing problems
      Its infrastructure is rarely used

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the keyword with the definition.

      Correct Answer:Megacity,A city with a population of over 10 million people
      Correct Answer:Migration,The movement of people from one place to another
      Correct Answer:Natural increase,When the birth rate is higher than the death rate

      Q2.
      Which of these is a reason people migrate to Jakarta?

      High levels of rural employment
      Low city population
      Correct answer: Economic opportunities in the city
      Shortages of housing in the city

      Q3.
      What kind of growth does Jakarta experience due to people moving in?

      Correct answer: Migration-driven urban growth
      Natural increase only
      Population decline
      Seasonal shrinkage

      Q4.
      What is sometimes assumed about population growth in Jakarta?

      It causes challenges for housing and services
      It leads to economic change
      Correct answer: That it improves life for everyone and reduces inequality
      That people move there for social reasons

      To help you plan your 11 geography lesson on: Trends and causes of population growth in Jakarta, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...