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      What you used to do: perfect tense with 'ihr' (you, familiar pl.) and 'früher'

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I know how to form and use the perfect tense in German, including the 'ihr' form, to discuss past events with other people.

      Vocabulary and transcripts for this lessons

      Key learning points

      1. Form the perfect tense with the present tense of 'haben' or 'sein', plus a past participle at the end of the statement.
      2. Form most past participles by adding 'ge-' and '-t' around the verb stem. '-ieren' verbs do not add 'ge-'.
      3. Verbs with prefixes 'be-', 'ver-', 'er-' don't add 'ge-' to form past participles. Their prefixes are never stressed.
      4. The subject pronoun 'ihr' means 'you (familiar, plural)'.
      5. Use the adverb 'früher' to translate 'used to' from English, e.g., 'Ich habe früher getanzt, aber jetzt nicht mehr.'.

      Keywords

      • Perfect tense - verb tense that describes completed actions in the past, e.g.,'I (have) said', 'she (has) played'

      • Past participle - verb form that forms the perfect tense, together with the auxiliary verbs 'haben' or 'sein'

      • Ihr - subject pronoun meaning 'you (familiar, plural)'

      • Früher - adverb meaning 'previously, in former times, in the past'

      Common misconception

      All past participles are formed the same way.

      Weak verbs form their past participles by sandwiching 'ge-' and '-t' around the verb stem. Strong verbs sandwich 'ge-' and '-en' around the verb stem, but verbs with prefixes 'be-', 'ver-', 'er-', or ending '-ieren', do not add 'ge-'.

      Teacher tip

      Extend Task B2 into a class speaking activity. In groups, students can ask each other the questions and practise using 'ihr' in the perfect tense.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the German and the English

      Correct Answer:bezahlen,to pay, paying

      to pay, paying

      Correct Answer:erwarten,to expect, expecting

      to expect, expecting

      Correct Answer:glauben,to believe, believing

      to believe, believing

      Correct Answer:Ausflug (m),trip, excursion

      trip, excursion

      Correct Answer:gratis,free

      free

      Correct Answer:früher,previously, in former times, in the past

      previously, in former times, in the past

      Q2.
      Match the German and the English.

      Correct Answer:verbringen,to spend, spending (time)

      to spend, spending (time)

      Correct Answer:versuchen,to try, trying

      to try, trying

      Correct Answer:Bruder (m),brother

      brother

      Correct Answer:Zeit (f),time

      time

      Correct Answer:schwimmen,to swim, swimming

      to swim, swimming

      Correct Answer:Familie (f),family

      family

      Q3.
      Match the German and the English.

      Correct Answer:Kind (nt),child

      child

      Correct Answer:Österreich (nt),Austria

      Austria

      Correct Answer:Reise (f),journey

      journey

      Correct Answer:Ferien (pl),holidays

      holidays

      Correct Answer:Wie geht’s?,How are you?

      How are you?

      Correct Answer:erzählen,to tell / narrate, telling / narrating

      to tell / narrate, telling / narrating

      Q4.
      Choose the correct translation of 'Have you done your homework?'.

      Du hast deine Hausaufgaben gemacht
      Correct answer: Hast du deine Hausaufgaben gemacht?
      Hast du gemacht deine Hausaufgaben?

      Q5.
      Which of the following words for 'you' means 'you' (singular, familiar), i.e., the word you would use when talking to one friend or family member?

      Correct answer: du
      ihr
      Sie

      Q6.
      Which of these verbs has a separable prefix?

      bezahlen (to pay, paying)
      gefallen (to please, pleasing)
      verstehen (to understand, understanding)
      Correct answer: aufstehen (to get up, getting up)
      erreichen (to reach, reaching)

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of the following verbs would need 'ge' adding to the start of the past participle, as in 'gemacht' from 'machen'?

      studieren
      Correct answer: spielen
      erlauben
      versuchen
      bezahlen

      Q2.
      Which of the following words for 'you' would you use to talk to your two brothers?

      du
      Correct answer: ihr
      Sie

      Q3.
      Complete the following sentence using the correct time phrase: 'Ihr seid oft geschwommen.' ('You used to swim often.') You can use 'ue' for 'ü' if needed.

      Correct Answer: früher, frueher

      Q4.
      Fill in the missing word in the following sentence: 'Ihr in die Schule gegangen.' ('You went to school.')

      Correct Answer: seid

      Q5.
      Which of these past participles of strong verbs does not have a stem vowel change (i.e., a different vowel in the stem from the infinitive)?

      Correct answer: gefahren
      geschrieben
      geschwommen
      geflogen

      To help you plan your 9 German lesson on: What you used to do: perfect tense with 'ihr' (you, familiar pl.) and 'früher', download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...