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      Comparing the earliest civilisations

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can compare early civilisations to explain how similar they were.

      Key learning points

      1. All of these early civilisations left a nomadic lifestyle because they found ways of farming fertile ground near rivers.
      2. All of them built permanent places to live like cities, along with other buildings for the purpose of religion.
      3. All of these early civilisations traded with people from far away and developed their own forms of writing.
      4. All of these early civilisations made bronze and used this metal for tools, weapons and artwork.
      5. Despite all these similarities, all of these early civilisations had different styles of writing, building and art.

      Keywords

      • Permanent - something that is permanent stays the same

      • Style - the special way something is made or designed to look is its style

      Common misconception

      Nomadic lifestyles no longer exist.

      Discuss the fact that many people in different parts of the world still live a nomadic lifestyle, some through choice and others as part of a continuing and ancient tradition.

      Teacher tip

      Make comparative sketches of different buildings, weapons or artwork designs from different early civilisations.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      The civilisation developed by the Yellow River.

      Correct Answer: Shang, shang

      Q2.
      Match the keywords to the definitions.

      Correct Answer:cuneiform,Writing invented in Sumer
      Correct Answer:hieroglyphics,Writing invented in Ancient Egypt

      Q3.
      Which is the correct definition of trade?

      creating beautiful objects
      Correct answer: buying and selling goods
      writing messages to the gods

      Q4.
      A religious building from Sumer was called a .

      Correct Answer: ziggurat, zigurat, ziggurrat, ziggerat, zigerat

      Q5.
      Sort the first development of these civilisations from oldest to newest

      1 - 4000 BCE Sumer
      2 - 3000 BCE Ancient Egypt
      3 - 2000 BCE Shang

      Q6.
      Which materials did ancient artists use?

      Correct answer: clay
      Correct answer: stone
      plastic
      Correct answer: bronze
      cardboard

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      All ancient civilisations left a lifestyle to live and settle permanently.

      Correct Answer: nomadic, nomad

      Q2.
      Why was farming successful in early civilisations?

      They had tractors.
      Correct answer: They lived on fertile land.
      They lived in the desert.
      Correct answer: They lived near rivers.
      Correct answer: They learned to control river water.

      Q3.
      Which sentences are true?

      All ancient buildings were the same style.
      Only Sumer built cities.
      Correct answer: All early civilisations built cities.
      Indus Valley did not build cities.
      Correct answer: All civilisations built cities in different styles.

      Q4.
      Cuneiform writing was first used to record of goods.

      Correct Answer: trade, trading

      Q5.
      Ancient civilisations all had different styles of , writing and building.

      Correct Answer: art

      Q6.
      What was bronze useful for making?

      Correct answer: art
      houses
      Correct answer: tools
      carts
      Correct answer: weapons

      To help you plan your 3 history lesson on: Comparing the earliest civilisations, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...