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      The Statute of Labourers and the response to the Black Death

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe the government's response to peasant demands for higher wages.

      Key learning points

      1. The Black Death killed around half of the English population.
      2. The Black Death caused labour shortages.
      3. Labourers began to demand better pay for their work.
      4. The Statute of Labourers ordered labourers to stop asking for more money.
      5. Historians disagree about the aims of the Statute of Labourers.

      Keywords

      • Peasant - a person in the medieval period who worked the land and had few legal protections

      • Negotiate - to obtain something by discussion

      • Statute - a written law

      • Labourer - a person doing unskilled work for wages

      • Ordinance - an order given by a ruler, often a king

      Common misconception

      That the Statute of Labourers immediately forced all peasants to return to their home manors and to cease negotiating higher wages.

      Through the interpretations section of the lesson, draw out the point that the Statute of Labourers was unenforceable in many cases.

      Teacher tip

      Pupils may find it useful to see a diagram representing supply and demand in relation to the post-Black Death labour crisis.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      The Revolt occurred in 1381.

      Correct Answer: Peasants', peasant, peasants

      Q2.
      In which year did the Black Death first reach England?

      Correct answer: 1348
      1381
      1448
      1481

      Q3.
      What was the name of the sumptuous palace that was a target of the 1381 Revolt?

      Hampton Court Palace
      Correct answer: The Savoy Palace
      The Tower of London
      Westminster Palace

      Q4.
      Which of the following were not symptoms of the Black Death?

      fever
      Correct answer: hair loss
      Correct answer: sudden blindness
      swellings in the neck, armpits and groin
      vomiting blood

      Q5.
      What was the name of the port where it is thought the Black Death first arrived in England?

      Aberdeen
      Belfast
      Cardiff
      Correct answer: Melcombe
      Port Erin

      Q6.
      Most historians now believe that between one third and a of England's population died of the Black Death in 1348-49.

      Correct Answer: half, 1/2

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Why did lords have a problem when half the peasants died of the Black Death?

      Lords often married peasant women.
      Lords had a Christian duty to care for peasants.
      Correct answer: Lords needed peasants to farm their lands for them.
      Lords could not leave their estates without peasant permission.

      Q2.
      A is a person doing unskilled work for wages.

      Correct Answer: labourer, manual worker, agricultural labourer, farm worker, farm labourer

      Q3.
      In 1349, King Edward III issued the Ordinance of .

      Correct Answer: Labourers

      Q4.
      What did the Ordinance of 1349 order?

      Labourers had to quarantine for 40 days if they had Black Death symptoms.
      Correct answer: Labourers should stop asking for more money from lords.
      Correct answer: Labourers should work for the same wages as they had been paid in 1348.
      Lords should offer higher wages to labourers if they needed workers.

      Q5.
      Match the words to their correct definitions.

      Correct Answer:peasant ,a person who worked the land and had few legal protections
      Correct Answer:negotiate ,to obtain something by discussion
      Correct Answer:statute ,a written law
      Correct Answer:labourer ,a person doing unskilled work for wages
      Correct Answer:ordinance,an order given by a ruler, often a king

      Q6.
      Put these events in chronological order.

      1 - Arrival of the Black Death in England
      2 - Labourers start negotiating for higher wages
      3 - Ordinance of Labourers
      4 - Statute of Labourers

      To help you plan your 7 history lesson on: The Statute of Labourers and the response to the Black Death, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...