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      Modern approaches to the prevention of illness and disease

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can evaluate the effectiveness of government approaches to the prevention of illness and disease in modern Britain.

      Key learning points

      1. Clean Air Acts and low-emission zones have been introduced to prevent air pollution.
      2. Mass vaccination campaigns were launched for diseases including diphtheria and polio.
      3. Vaccine refusal has led to rising cases of some diseases like measles.
      4. Healthy lifestyle campaigns have aimed to combat issues such as obesity.

      Keywords

      • Emission - gas which is sent out into the air as a result of certain actions

      • Pollutant - a substance that pollutes water or the air

      • Immunity - the state of being unable to catch a specific disease

      Common misconception

      Vaccinations have been made compulsory to ensure uptake in modern Britain.

      Vaccinations have been voluntary for people to receive in modern Britain but many have been provided free of charge and their benefits promoted to encourage people.

      Teacher tip

      Ask students to compare attempts to manage public health issues such as infectious disease, air pollution and obesity in the modern period. Ask which they believe the government has been most successful in managing. You may offer criteria such as number of deaths for students to use.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      are the nutrients first identified in the 1910s that prevent deficiency diseases.

      Correct Answer: Vitamins, vitamins

      Q2.
      Which technology lets scientists view DNA with far greater clarity than optical microscopes?

      Endoscope
      X-ray
      MRI
      Correct answer: Electron microscope

      Q3.
      Which method treats cancers by targeting tumours with high-energy X-rays?

      Physiotherapy
      Correct answer: Radiotherapy
      Ultrasound
      Phototherapy

      Q4.
      Which single ‘giant’ in post-war reform referred to poor housing conditions?

      Correct Answer: Squalor, squalor

      Q5.
      Which simple screening approach introduced in the early 1900s helped identify tuberculosis?

      Urine glucose strip
      Correct answer: Skin test
      MRI scan
      Digital sphygmomanometer

      Q6.
      Name the antibiotic-resistant bacterium highlighted as a major public health threat.

      Correct Answer: MRSA, mrsa

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      An is a gas which is sent out into the air as a result of certain actions.

      Correct Answer: emission

      Q2.
      How many people in London died as a result of the Great Smog in 1952?

      Correct Answer: 12 000, 12,000, 12000, twelve thousand

      Q3.
      Which of the following health conditions is closely associated with obesity?

      asthma
      cholera
      tuberculosis
      Correct answer: type 2 diabetes

      Q4.
      What proportion of people in Britain have been vaccinated against tetanus since 1990?

      50%
      65%
      80%
      Correct answer: 95%

      Q5.
      What did Andrew Wakefield do regarding the MMR vaccine in 1998?

      claimed it was too expensive
      complained that the government had made it compulsory
      Correct answer: falsely claimed it caused autism

      Q6.
      Starting with the earliest, sort the following events into chronological order.

      1 - government began providing free vaccinations against diphtheria
      2 - Great Smog affected London
      3 - first Clean Air Act introduced
      4 - Andrew Wakefield published his work on MMR vaccines
      5 - sugar tax introduced

      To help you plan your 10 history lesson on: Modern approaches to the prevention of illness and disease, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...