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      Playing a minor pentatonic jazz melody

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can play the main melody (head) of a jazz piece with accuracy and a steady pulse.

      Key learning points

      1. The head is a term used when referring to the main theme in jazz music.
      2. The head is played by the whole ensemble then followed by individual improvisations.
      3. Chunking up a melody can help make it easier to learn.
      4. A song that uses the D minor pentatonic scale will have phrases that revolve around the note D.
      5. When playing barred instruments, focus on how you play the instrument; for example striking the bar right in the centre.

      Keywords

      • Head - a term for the main melody or theme in jazz music

      • Phrase - a musical thought, like a sentence in a story

      • Bar - a measure of musical time with a set number of beats (e.g. 4 beats in 4-time)

      • Note - a single sound in music

      Common misconception

      The best way to learn to play a piece is to start at the beginning.

      We can be clever when learning pieces, looking for patterns and easy parts to fit together first whilst internalising the sounds of trickier parts.

      Teacher tip

      Use this unit's whole body, breathing, vocal and chant warm-ups to prepare the pupils for music.

      Equipment

      Pitched percussion instruments with the notes C, D, F, G, A, C'. Ideally, one between two.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the minor pentatonic scale?

      the first five notes of the minor scale: la, ti, do, re, mi
      the five tones, do, re, mi, so and la arranged in an ascending/descending order
      Correct answer: the five tones, la, do, re, mi and so arranged in an ascending/descending order
      the first five notes of the major scale: do, re, mi, fa, so

      Q2.
      What notes are not included in the D minor pentatonic scale?

      D, A
      Correct answer: E, B
      F, G
      E, A
      D, B

      Q3.
      is the speed of the music.

      Correct Answer: Tempo

      Q4.
      Match the rhythmic term to its definition.

      Correct Answer:swing rhythm,the rhythm Ta-di is divided into unequal parts - a long-short pattern
      Correct Answer:syncopation,rhythms that emphasise the offbeat
      Correct Answer:offbeat,weak beats or notes between the beats
      Correct Answer:rhythm,the pattern of sounds and silences that we play and sing

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      The main theme in a jazz piece is called the .

      Correct Answer: head

      Q2.
      Melodic phrases often rise then fall, giving them a __________ structure.

      ostinato
      Correct answer: question and answer
      cell

      Q3.
      When playing a barred instrument, try to strike the __________ of the bar to create a good sound.

      bottom
      top
      Correct answer: middle

      Q4.
      When learning a new piece, it is helpful to:

      start from the beginning and work through to the end
      Correct answer: look for patterns you recognise and play these first
      start playing it before you understand all the symbols

      To help you plan your 6 music lesson on: Playing a minor pentatonic jazz melody, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...