New
New
Lesson 4 of 5
  • Year 10
  • AQA

Texture and harmony across the eras

I can accurately compare the use of texture and harmony across the Baroque, Classical and Romantic periods.

Lesson 4 of 5
New
New
  • Year 10
  • AQA

Texture and harmony across the eras

I can accurately compare the use of texture and harmony across the Baroque, Classical and Romantic periods.

These resources will be removed by end of Summer Term 2025.

Switch to our new teaching resources now - designed by teachers and leading subject experts, and tested in classrooms.

These resources were created for remote use during the pandemic and are not designed for classroom teaching.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Texture and harmony had similarities and differences across the Baroque, Classical and Romantic eras.
  2. A key Baroque texture is polyphony, while melody and accompaniment dominated the Classical period.
  3. In the Romantic period, music was mostly melody and accompaniment, but was more varied and often complex.
  4. Baroque and Classical harmony was diatonic and emphasised modulation to closely-related keys.
  5. Romantic harmony was often chromatic and composers experimented with more complex modulations and chords.

Keywords

  • Polyphonic - a texture with more than one equally important melodic line

  • Melody and accompaniment - a texture consisting of a melody with a clearly separate accompaniment

  • Diatonic - music which uses only notes that are based in the key (e.g. C major or F minor)

  • Chromatic - music that uses notes from outside the key, creating more complex harmony

  • Modulation - a change of key during a piece of music

Common misconception

Each period had a single defining texture (e.g. Baroque = polyphonic).

There were typical uses of texture for each period. For example, Baroque composers often used polyphonic textures, much more than Classical composers. However, within each period, there were examples of all textures being used and lots of variety.


To help you plan your year 10 music lesson on: Texture and harmony across the eras, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

To consolidate the learning in this lesson, create a short composition exercise. Give pupils a simple melody and challenge them to arrange it into a texture typical of one of three periods. As an extension for experienced composers, they could try building in some harmonic features as well.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

Loading...

Prior knowledge starter quiz

Download quiz pdf

6 Questions

Q1.
Which of these textures uses more than one equally important melodic line?

homophonic
Correct answer: polyphonic
monophonic
melody and accompaniment

Q2.
A texture with a clear main tune and a separate accompaniment is called and accompaniment.

Correct Answer: melody

Q3.
Match the period with its most common texture:

Correct Answer:Baroque,polyphony

polyphony

Correct Answer:Classical,melody and accompaniment

melody and accompaniment

Correct Answer:Romantic,melody and accompaniment with variety and complexity

melody and accompaniment with variety and complexity

Q4.
What does the word diatonic mean in harmony?

Correct answer: using only notes from the key
using chromatic notes
changing texture suddenly
repeating the tonic note

Q5.
A change of key during a piece is called .

Correct Answer: modulation

Q6.
Which period of music came directly after the Baroque period?

Romantic
Correct answer: Classical
Renaissance
Modern

Assessment exit quiz

Download quiz pdf

6 Questions

Q1.
Which texture is most strongly linked with the Baroque period?

melody and accompaniment
monophonic
Correct answer: polyphonic
drone

Q2.
In the Classical period, the dominant texture was melody and .

Correct Answer: accompaniment

Q3.
What is one key comparison between Classical and Romantic harmony?

Classical harmony was chromatic, Romantic was diatonic
both were entirely atonal
both avoided modulation
Correct answer: Classical harmony was mostly diatonic, Romantic harmony was often chromatic

Q4.
Match the period with its common harmonic feature:

Correct Answer:Baroque,diatonic harmony with modulations to related keys

diatonic harmony with modulations to related keys

Correct Answer:Classical,diatonic harmony, clear cadences, balanced modulations

diatonic harmony, clear cadences, balanced modulations

Correct Answer:Romantic,chromatic harmony with complex modulations and chords

chromatic harmony with complex modulations and chords

Q5.
Which of these textures was less common in the Romantic period?

Correct answer: strict polyphony
melody and accompaniment
homophony with rich chords
varied textures with large orchestras

Q6.
The Romantic orchestra often used harmony with notes, outside the key, to create dramatic tension.

Correct Answer: chromatic