Composing a chord sequence
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Lesson details
Learning outcome
I can compose an effective 8-bar chord sequence using the typical conventions of Western classical music.
Key learning points
- Chord sequences are patterns of chords that form the harmony in a composition.
- Starting on chord I (tonic) and using mostly primary chords (chords I, IV and V) helps to anchor the music in a key.
- Using some secondary chords (ii, iii and vi) adds further interest, but these should be used sparingly.
- Ending with a perfect cadence (chord V to I) helps the music feel finished.
- Using an imperfect cadence (any chord to V) in the middle of the sequence (bar 4) helps the music sound unfinished.
Keywords
Primary chord - the most useful chords in a key - chord I (1), IV (4) and V (5)
Secondary chord - chords ii (2), iii (3) and vi (6) in a key
Tonic - chord I (1). In C major, the tonic chord is a C major chord
Perfect cadence - where a chord sequence ends with chord V then I, creating a finished feeling
Imperfect cadence - where a chord sequence or section of one ends on chord V, creating an unfinished feeling
Common misconception
Secondary chords shouldn't be used.
Secondary chords are important for interesting harmony and using them is a good idea. As you become a more experienced composer, you'll learn how to effectively use them. For now, a good rule of thumb is to use them sparingly.
Teacher tip
More experienced composers can be encouraged to explore use of chord inversions in their chord sequences. When doing this, they should focus on minimising physical movement between chords on the piano keyboard - this helps to use inversions effectively and melodically.
Equipment
A DAW, notation software, a keyboard or other suitable instrument that can be used as a composition tool.
Licence
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