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      Ceremonies and rituals associated with death and mourning

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain Buddhist beliefs about death and how this belief is shown through different Buddhist death ceremonies and rituals.

      Key learning points

      1. There are divergent death ceremonies and rituals across the Buddhist traditions and countries.
      2. The Buddhist ceremonies and rituals are a reminder of the impermenent nature of all things (anicca).
      3. Theravada Buddhists may practise good deeds to pass merit/positive kamma on to the deceased.
      4. Some Tibetan Buddhists read from the sacred text the 'Tibetan Book of the Dead' following the 49 days after death.
      5. In Japan, some Buddhists prastice the ceremony of 'bone picking'.

      Keywords

      • Bardo state - refers to a transitional period in which the deceased becomes aware of their death, rebirth is determined

      • Kamma (karma) - the belief in cause and effect

      • Rebirth - refers to the belief that when a being dies they are reborn

      • Samsara - the cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth

      Common misconception

      The Buddhist belief in rebirth teaches that after death, a persons 'soul' is reborn in to another living being.

      The Buddha taught that nothing is permenent, everything changes (anicca) and there is no fixed self or soul (anatta). Rebirth may be described as a person's ‘energy’ being reborn, rather than a fixed soul.

      Teacher tip

      Teach the concepts of kamma (karma) and rebirth to consolidate learning in this lesson.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is a mandala?

      Correct answer: a sacred pattern used in meditation
      a Buddhist festival
      a type of prayer

      Q2.
      What is the ultimate goal in Buddhism?

      to gain wealth
      to live forever
      Correct answer: to achieve enlightenment

      Q3.
      What is the purpose of visualisation in Buddhism?

      Correct answer: to develop good qualities
      to decorate temples
      to celebrate festivals

      Q4.
      In which Buddhist tradition is visualisation especially important?

      Theravada
      Correct answer: Mahayana
      Zen

      Q5.
      Some Buddhists believe that all beings have Buddha- , which means they can become enlightened.

      Correct Answer: nature, Nature

      Q6.
      Bodhisattvas delay their own enlightenment to help living escape suffering.

      Correct Answer: beings, Beings

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Some Buddhists reject the idea of a permanent , believing instead in anatta.

      Correct Answer: self

      Q2.
      Buddhists believe that after death, a being experiences in the cycle of samsara.

      Correct Answer: rebirth, Rebirth

      Q3.
      Why do some Buddhists practise sky burials?

      to save burial space
      Correct answer: to teach about impermanence
      to protect wildlife

      Q4.
      What is the purpose of transferring good karma to the deceased?

      Correct answer: to help the dead person’s rebirth
      to bring the family wealth
      to honour the monks

      Q5.
      The Tibetan Book of the Dead says, “Death holds up an all-seeing .”

      Correct Answer: mirror

      Q6.
      What is the bardo state in Tibetan Buddhism?

      a final resting place
      Correct answer: a period after death before rebirth
      a type of sacred burial

      To help you plan your 10 religious education lesson on: Ceremonies and rituals associated with death and mourning, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...