New
New
Year 11
AQA

Ethical arguments relating to the death penalty

I can explain different ethical arguments about the death penalty.

New
New
Year 11
AQA

Ethical arguments relating to the death penalty

I can explain different ethical arguments about the death penalty.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. The death penalty is banned in the UK but still used in countries like China, Iran and some US states.
  2. It raises key questions about justice, human rights, deterrence, and the state's right to take life.
  3. Ethical theories offer different views, with some focusing on justice and duty, and others on consequences and harm.
  4. Supporters highlight justice and deterrence; critics focus on dignity, mistakes and effectiveness
  5. UK opinion is divided, with more people opposing reintroduction than supporting it.

Keywords

  • Death penalty - capital punishment; the execution of a criminal which is sanctioned by the state

  • Deterrence - aim of punishment; the threat of punishment as a way to put a person off committing crime (e.g. knowing they could go to prison if they steal)

  • Justice - fairness; working to fix an unfair situation

Common misconception

The death penalty is a good deterrence to crime.

This is widely debated. Many studies show no clear link between the death penalty and lower crime rates, so deterrence cannot be assumed as a justification.


To help you plan your year 11 religious education lesson on: Ethical arguments relating to the death penalty, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Use real case studies and short video clips (e.g. documentaries or interviews with exonerees or victims’ families) to bring the ethical arguments to life.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

Supervision

Adult supervision recommended

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which of these is not an aim of punishment?

Reformation
Retribution
Correct answer: Celebration

Q2.
How could the Old Testament teaching ‘eye for an eye’ shape people’s view of forgiveness?

It may encourage people to forgive every crime without punishment
It may suggest that crimes should always be ignored
Correct answer: It may lead people to support harsh punishments instead of forgiving

Q3.
The Lord’s states ‘Forgive our sins, as we forgive those who have sinned against us.’

Correct Answer: Prayer, prayer

Q4.
Jesus told the Parable of the Lost to show Christians should always forgive.

Correct Answer: Son, son

Q5.
What is one reason people may commit crimes?

Forgiveness
Correct answer: Mental illness
Protection

Q6.
What is the aim of reformation in punishment?

Correct answer: To change people so they become better
To protect society from criminals
To make criminals suffer for what they did

Assessment exit quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
In which of these countries is the death penalty currently banned?

China
Correct answer: United Kingdom
Iran

Q2.
What does deterrence mean?

Making sure punishments always match the seriousness of the crime
Punishing someone in advance of committing a crime
Correct answer: Threat of punishment to put someone off committing crime

Q3.
The most common method of execution in the United States is lethal .

Correct Answer: injection

Q4.
Kantian focuses on whether an action is right, not just its consequences.

Correct Answer: ethics, Ethics

Q5.
Which of these is an argument against the death penalty?

Correct answer: It can result in executing innocent people
It provides justice by fitting the crime
It brings closure to victims’ families

Q6.
The death penalty is a good deterrence to crime.

The death penalty has been proven to reduce crime in most countries
Correct answer: Many studies show no clear link between the death penalty and lower crime rates
The death penalty always prevents people from reoffending