Choose exam board for KS4 Computer Science (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 English
Choose exam board for KS4 French
Choose exam board for KS4 Geography
Choose exam board for KS4 German
Choose exam board for KS4 History
Choose tier for KS4 Maths
Choose exam board for KS4 Music
Choose exam board for KS4 Physical education (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 Religious education (GCSE)
Choose exam board for KS4 Spanish

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain reasons for war, such as self-defence and retaliation, and show how Christians respond to these reasons.

      Key learning points

      1. There are many different reasons a person, nation or religion may choose to enter into a conflict.
      2. These reasons include greed, self defence and retaliation.
      3. Some people, religious and non-religious, find some reasons more acceptable than others.
      4. Many Christians believe that going to war for greed is wrong because of Matthew 19:24.
      5. There are different opinions on war for retaliation based on interpretations of Exodus 21:23-27.

      Keywords

      • Self-defence - protecting yourself or others when under attack

      • Retaliation - fighting back after being harmed or attacked

      • Justification - the reasons given to explain or defend something

      Common misconception

      All Christians believe in retaliation because the Bible says ‘an eye for an eye’.

      Many Christians interpret this as an instruction to keep punishments fair and stop them going too far. Instead of justifying retaliation, it was about justice being equal to the harm done.

      Teacher tip

      When discussing reasons for war, remind students that neither Christians nor non-religious people all think the same. Within each group, there are different interpretations and arguments.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

      Loading...

      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of the following is a negative outcome of war?

      an improved environment
      Correct answer: loss of life
      peaceful unity

      Q2.
      Matthew 5:9 is part of the .

      Correct Answer: Beatitudes, beatitudes

      Q3.
      The Qur’an commands: 'Do not limits'.

      Correct Answer: transgress, Transgress

      Q4.
      Both religious and non-religious people believe conflict should be seen as ...

      Correct answer: a last resort.
      a first option.
      the best option.

      Q5.
      What does “an eye for an eye” mean in Christian interpretations?

      unlimited revenge
      encouraging violence
      Correct answer: fair punishment

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these is not a reason a group may enter into a conflict?

      Correct answer: laziness
      greed
      self-defence

      Q2.
      Greed, self-defence and are three reasons for war.

      Correct Answer: retaliation, Retaliation

      Q3.
      Who may find self-defence more acceptable than greed as a reason for war?

      religious people
      Correct answer: both religious and non-religious people
      non-religious people

      Q4.
      Matthew 19:24 warns Christians about the danger of .

      Correct Answer: wealth, Wealth

      Q5.
      What is the Christian debate over the teaching “an eye for an eye” about?

      whether it justifies unlimited revenge
      Correct answer: whether it means fair punishment or retaliation
      whether it supports greed

      To help you plan your 11 religious education lesson on: Reasons for war, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...