New
New
Year 11
Edexcel B

Islam and the treatment of criminals

I can explain different views on the treatment of criminals including Islamic ones.

New
New
Year 11
Edexcel B

Islam and the treatment of criminals

I can explain different views on the treatment of criminals including Islamic ones.

These resources will be removed by end of Summer Term 2025.

Switch to our new teaching resources now - designed by teachers and leading subject experts, and tested in classrooms.

These resources were created for remote use during the pandemic and are not designed for classroom teaching.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Islam teaches that offenders must be treated fairly and never tortured.
  2. Shariah law uses judges, but Muslims may accept jury trials if they are fair.
  3. The Qur’an and Hadith teach compassion, even towards prisoners.
  4. Islamic human rights agree with the UDHR on treating offenders with dignity.
  5. Muslims put this into practice, for example by visiting prisoners or opposing torture.

Keywords

  • Humane - showing kindness, care and sympathy towards others, respecting their dignity and aiming to reduce suffering

  • Justice - ensuring fairness by responding to crimes in a way that holds the offender properly accountable

  • Torture - when someone is deliberately caused extreme pain or suffering, either to punish them, scare them or force them to do or say something

Common misconception

All Muslim countries follow Islamic law exactly as it is in the Qur’an.

In reality, some Muslim-majority countries mix Islamic principles with national laws, and not all follow the Qur’an’s teachings fully, especially on justice and human rights.


To help you plan your year 11 religious education lesson on: Islam and the treatment of criminals, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Use case studies that show a range of Muslim views on justice and punishment in different countries. This shows divergent interpretations and practices vary widely across the Muslim world.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

Supervision

Adult supervision recommended

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

Loading...

Prior knowledge starter quiz

Download quiz pdf

5 Questions

Q1.
Which of the following best reflects the act of forgiveness?

wishing harm on the offender
Correct answer: releasing anger and resentment
forgetting the situation entirely

Q2.
Forgiveness is closely connected to Allah’s .

Correct Answer: mercy, Mercy

Q3.
What is the main role of Muslim chaplains in prison?

enforcing prison rules
Correct answer: offering spiritual and emotional support
planning prison meals

Q4.
What is restorative justice?

only punishing offenders
Correct answer: offenders and victims communicate to repair harm
letting offenders go free

Q5.
Islam encourages forgiving when there is sincere and effort to make amends.

Correct Answer: taubah, Taubah

Assessment exit quiz

Download quiz pdf

5 Questions

Q1.
Islam teaches that offenders should never be .

Correct Answer: tortured, Tortured

Q2.
What legal method is traditionally used in Shariah law?

Correct answer: judge ruling
jury decision
public vote

Q3.
The Qur’an teaches Muslims to show to all, including prisoners.

Correct Answer: compassion, Compassion

Q4.
How might Muslims show compassion to offenders?

demand execution
Correct answer: visit them in prison
talk about them

Q5.
Why might some laws in Muslim countries differ from Islamic principles?

They are outdated.
The Qur'an is vague.
Correct answer: They are influenced by local politics

Additional material

Download additional material