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      Diversity in belief about angels and free will

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain different Muslims perspectives on angels and on free will.

      Key learning points

      1. There is a diversity of some beliefs within Islam about angels.
      2. There is a diversity of some beliefs within Islam around free will.
      3. Angels are believed to question souls in Barzakh before judgement.
      4. Angels are believed by some Muslims to be at shrines.
      5. There are different understandings of free will and predestination in Sunni and Shi'a Islam.

      Keywords

      • Angels - beings of light delivering God’s messages and watching over humans

      • Free will - being able to choose between different actions

      • Predestination - Al Qadr in Arabic is a belief that Allah is in control of actions

      • Shrine - a special site related to someone important in the religion (e.g the Imams)

      Common misconception

      That all Sunni Muslims do not agree with visiting or praying at the shrines of important Muslims who have died.

      This is a view held by some Sunni Muslims but there are others, for example Sufi Sunni Muslims who will visit and pray at the shrines of important Sufi Muslims who have died.

      Teacher tip

      Students can learn more about pilgrimages to important shrines through studying the Shi'a pilgrimage of Abraeen to the shrine of Imam Hussein.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

      Supervision

      Adult supervision recommended

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Muslims believe the angel Izra’il takes each soul to the ...

      Correct Answer: afterlife, Afterlife

      Q2.
      Angels in Islam are believed to be created from and are genderless.

      Correct Answer: light, Light

      Q3.
      What is Israfil’s role in Islam?

      recording actions
      giving humans food and rain
      Correct answer: blowing the trumpet for the start of Judgement Day

      Q4.
      What do Muslims believe about the nature of angels?

      Correct answer: They are genderless and made of light.
      They are male and made of fire.
      They are human messengers.

      Q5.
      How does a belief in angels influence Muslims today?

      It encourages them to avoid angels.
      It helps them become prophets.
      Correct answer: It reminds them their actions are being recorded.

      Q6.
      Why is a belief in Jibril especially important to Muslims?

      he brings rain and forgiveness
      Correct answer: he revealed the Qur’an to Muhammad
      he judges people’s actions

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      A Muslim source of authority that supports the belief that life is a test is the ...

      Correct Answer: Qur’an, qur'an

      Q2.
      Some Muslims, such as Sufis, believe angels are present at shrines.

      Correct Answer: Sunni

      Q3.
      What is Barzakh in Islamic belief?

      a reward given in Paradise
      Correct answer: a barrier where souls wait before judgement
      a place only for prophets

      Q4.
      Which belief about free will is held by many Shi’a Muslims?

      Correct answer: Allah guides people but does not force choices.
      Humans cannot choose anything.
      Everything is already decided with no choice.

      Q5.
      Why might Muslims still make good choices if they believe in predestination?

      because nothing matters in this life
      because angels force them to
      Correct answer: because they believe life is a test from Allah

      Q6.
      Why do some Muslims visit shrines?

      Correct answer: they believe angels are present and pray there
      to become prophets
      to avoid Barzakh

      To help you plan your 10 religious education lesson on: Diversity in belief about angels and free will, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...