New
New
Year 10
Eduqas

Festivals and retreats

I can explain the origins of celebrations such as Wesak, Kathina and Parinirvana, and the significance of these for Buddhists today.

New
New
Year 10
Eduqas

Festivals and retreats

I can explain the origins of celebrations such as Wesak, Kathina and Parinirvana, and the significance of these for Buddhists today.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Wesak is a significant Buddhist festival that commemorates the birth of the Buddha, his enlightenment and death.
  2. Buddhists observe the festival in various ways depending on the country or school of Buddhism.
  3. The Theravada festival of Kathina occurs at the end of Vassa, the rainy season.
  4. Parinirvana Day is observed by Mahayana Buddhists and commemorates the Buddha’s death and his attainment of Nirvana.
  5. To deepen their spiritual practice, some Buddhists may also choose to attend retreats.

Keywords

  • Festival - a day or period of celebration

  • Kathina - a festival which occurs at the end of the Vassa, or rainy season

  • Parinirvana Day - a festival which marks the Buddha’s death and when he achieved Nirvana/Nibbana

  • Retreat - a period of time spent away from everyday life to focus on meditation and practice

  • Wesak - a Buddhist festival celebrating the Buddha's birth, enlightenment and death

Common misconception

Wesak only celebrates the birth of the Buddha.

Wesak also commemorates the Buddha's enlightenment and attainment of final Nirvana (Nibbana).


To help you plan your year 10 religious education lesson on: Festivals and retreats, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Watch video clips showing Buddhists celebrating Wesak, Kathina and Parinirvana.
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Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
What is a gompa?
Correct answer: A Tibetan monastery for learning the Dhamma
A ritual involving chanting and offerings
A meditation technique focusing on breathing
Q2.
What do sand mandalas help Buddhists to remember?
The power of prayer
The importance of wealth
Correct answer: The impermanence of all things
Q3.
What is puja in Buddhism?
A festival celebrating the Buddha’s birth
A type of visualisation meditation
Correct answer: A devotional ritual involving meditation and offerings
Q4.
What do mudras represent in Buddhist practice?
A form of chanting
Correct answer: Symbolic hand gestures with specific meanings
Types of Buddhist scripture
Q5.
What does Buddha-nature mean?
Correct answer: The fundamental ability of all beings to achieve enlightenment
The name of a famous Buddhist temple
A Buddhist holiday aimed at boosting karma
Q6.
Buddhist places of worship often have a room called a where a Buddha rupa and offerings are kept.
Correct Answer: shrine, Shrine

Assessment exit quiz

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6 Questions

Q1.
The Buddhist festival of celebrates the Buddha’s birth, enlightenment and death.
Correct Answer: Wesak, wesak
Q2.
What is a common activity during the Kathina festival?
Correct answer: Donating robes to monks
Lighting fireworks
Meditating in complete silence
Q3.
Giving thanks and making donations are an opportunity to earn positive .
Correct Answer: karma, Karma
Q4.
What is Vassa?
A festival celebrating the Buddha’s birth
A type of Buddhist meditation practice
Correct answer: The rainy season when monks stay in one place
Q5.
What is Parinirvana Day focused on?
Correct answer: The Buddha’s death and final Nirvana
The Buddha’s birth
The Buddha’s enlightenment
Q6.
Which of these best describes a retreat in Buddhism?
A time for celebration and parties
Correct answer: A period set aside for meditation and reflection
A festival involving gifts and decorations