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      Forms of meditation: vipassana

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain the nature, purpose and significance of vipassana meditation for Buddhists today.

      Key learning points

      1. Vipassana meditation is one of the two main methods taught by the Buddha.
      2. Vipassana helps Buddhists gain insight into the true nature of reality as characterised by the three marks of existence.
      3. In the Yuganaddha Sutta, four possible paths to enlightenment are discussed.
      4. Vipassana was used by the Buddha as a way of eliminating ignorance and suffering (dukkha).
      5. Practising vipassana is a way to achieve enlightenment and attain Nibbana/Nirvana.

      Keywords

      • Meditation - a spiritual experience that opens a person up to the highest state of consciousness

      • Samatha - calmness or breathing meditation

      • The three marks of existence - the belief that all life involves/is marked by three features: dukkha, anicca, anatta

      • Vipassana (insight) - ‘insight’ meditation enabling the individual to see the true nature of things

      Common misconception

      Vipassana meditation is primarily about relaxation or stress relief.

      Vipassana meditation is aimed at cultivating insight into the nature of reality, specifically the impermanent, unsatisfactory, and non-self characteristics of all phenomena, known in Buddhism as the three marks of existence.

      Teacher tip

      Teach samatha meditation to consolidate the learning in this lesson.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      How is samatha meditation often described?

      as insight meditation
      as chanting meditation
      Correct answer: as calming meditation

      Q2.
      What tool do some Buddhists use to focus during samatha meditation?

      rosary beads
      Correct answer: kasinas
      incense sticks

      Q3.
      Which school of Buddhism mainly practises samatha meditation?

      Correct answer: Theravada
      Pure Land
      Tibetan

      Q4.
      What benefit do many non-Buddhists gain from meditation?

      it helps them to learn Pali chants
      Correct answer: it reduces stress
      it allows them to become monks

      Q5.
      Which of the following is not a goal of samatha meditation?

      Correct answer: enlightenment
      calmness
      concentration

      Q6.
      What is the aim of mettabhavana meditation?

      Correct answer: to develop loving-kindness and compassion
      to recite Buddhist scriptures
      to enter a trance-like state

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Vipassana meditation is used by Buddhists to help them achieve .

      Correct Answer: enlightenment, Enlightenment

      Q2.
      What is the main focus of vipassana meditation?

      Correct answer: gaining insight into reality
      gaining material wealth
      chanting sacred words

      Q3.
      What are the three marks of existence that were taught by the Buddha?

      peace, kindness, faith
      wisdom, action, thought
      Correct answer: dukkha, anicca, anatta

      Q4.
      According to the Yuganaddha Sutta, what did the Buddha teach about meditation?

      that vipassana must come after samatha meditation
      that both methods are optional
      Correct answer: that the order of samatha and vipassana meditation can vary

      Q5.
      Which form of meditation is focused on calming the mind?

      vipassana
      zazen
      Correct answer: samatha

      Q6.
      Why is vipassana meditation significant to Buddhists?

      Correct answer: it helps remove ignorance
      it replaces the Eightfold Path
      it is quicker than other methods

      To help you plan your 10 religious education lesson on: Forms of meditation: vipassana, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...