New
New
Year 11
Eduqas

Islam and the death penalty

I can explain different Muslim and non-religious views on the death penalty.

New
New
Year 11
Eduqas

Islam and the death penalty

I can explain different Muslim and non-religious views on the death penalty.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. The death penalty is legal execution for serious crimes, varying globally.
  2. Non-religious views are varied, and ethical theories can be used to support or oppose the death penalty.
  3. In Islam, the death penalty is rarely applied due to strict conditions and should be avoided if there's any doubt.
  4. The Qur'an allows the death penalty (qisas) for murder but strongly encourages forgiveness and alternatives.
  5. Some Muslims are against the death penalty, encouraging forgiveness and alternatives based on Islamic principles.

Keywords

  • Death penalty - capital punishment; the execution of a criminal which is sanctioned by the state

  • Deterrence - aim of punishment; the threat of punishment as a way to put a person off committing crime (e.g. knowing they could go to prison if they steal)

  • Justice - fairness; working to fix an unfair situation

Common misconception

The death penalty is widely used in Islam.

While Islamic law does permit the death penalty for certain very serious offences, its application is extremely limited and rare due to strict conditions and a strong emphasis on mercy and forgiveness.


To help you plan your year 11 religious education lesson on: Islam and the death penalty, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Use real case studies and short video clips (e.g. documentaries or interviews with exonerees or victims’ families) to bring the ethical arguments to life.
Teacher tip

Equipment

Content guidance

  • Depiction or discussion of sensitive content

Supervision

Adult supervision recommended

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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Prior knowledge starter quiz

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5 Questions

Q1.
What is forgiveness?

taking revenge
Correct answer: letting go of blame or resentment
ignoring the offence

Q2.
Some believe forgiveness avoids justice, but others see it as essential to .

Correct Answer: healing, Healing

Q3.
Where is forgiveness taught in Islamic tradition?

only in stories about the prophets
Correct answer: in the Qur’an and Hadith
only in Friday sermons

Q4.
Muslim prison chaplains help inmates by giving spiritual and guidance.

Correct Answer: support, Support

Q5.
How does Islam view restorative justice?

Correct answer: It reflects values of justice, mercy, and personal responsibility.
It’s only for minor offences.
It ignores serious crimes.

Assessment exit quiz

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5 Questions

Q1.
What is the death penalty?

life imprisonment
community service
Correct answer: legal execution for serious crimes

Q2.
Non-religious thinkers often use ethical to assess the morality of the death penalty.

Correct Answer: theories, Theories

Q3.
What is emphasised alongside justice in Islam?

Correct answer: mercy
profiy
retribution

Q4.
The Qur'an encourages and compensation rather than insisting on the death penalty.

Correct Answer: forgiveness, Forgiveness

Q5.
Which statement best describes Islamic law on the death penalty?

Correct answer: It is permitted but only under strict conditions.
It is applied frequently.
It is forbidden completely.