(bright music) <v ->In this Year 3 lesson</v> from the unit "Introduction to light and shadows" pupils further their substantive knowledge of light by learning that sunglasses have special lenses that can protect our eyes from UV damage caused by the sun. They also learn that different sunglasses provide varying levels of protection from the sun's UV light. Prior to this lesson, pupils planned their own inquiry to determine which sunglasses are most effective at protecting our eyes from the sun. This included deciding what they would change, measure, and keep the same in their comparative test investigation. In this lesson, the teacher guides pupils as they set up and carry out their inquiry. Pupils place some UV beads under the lenses of three pairs of sunglasses and leave them outside on a bright day. After five minutes, they remove the sunglasses and quickly take a photograph of the beads to record their colour. They also test and record data for a group of beads with no sunglasses for protection. <v ->When we expose the beads to UV light,</v> we can remember that they turn a dark colour, they turn purple, okay? So here are some photographs that Alex and Izzy took after the UV beads had been exposed to the sun, okay? So we've got all of the different sunglasses here and no sunglasses at the end. So what observations can you make from looking at these pictures here? <v ->This video shows pupils as active participants</v> working scientifically and purposefully to make careful observations and comparisons of the UV beads. They then write a conclusion to explain what their results show. <v ->Alex says, "I observe that the UV beads</v> that were not under the lens of the sunglasses have changed the colour the most and are the darkest." So these ones here are the darkest, they have changed the colour the most compared to beads under the sunglasses. (pupils chattering) <v Pupil>If you looked at them compared to these ones here,</v> they're much more darker, because A is much more darker. <v ->Scientists also review what they've learned</v> so that they can write a conclusion. What is a conclusion? Izzy says, "A conclusion is when we explain what the results of our inquiry show or mean." <v ->Conducting this activity collaboratively</v> with a teacher or a teaching assistant is an excellent way to support pupils of varying abilities. Through this activity, all pupils develop their disciplinary knowledge of how to record and present data in a variety of ways. They also learn how to use their observations to answer an inquiry question. <v ->I think C is better than B,</v> because C has protected the UV beads from the UV sunlight rather than B hasn't, because, like, the UV beads are more whiter than B. <v ->But I disagree with you there</v> because some of the UV beads on B are white, there's like four or five there and. 'Cause you can see them a bit, can't you? <v ->Yeah. </v> <v Pupil>Darcy was trying to persuade me to think</v> that C was better than B, and she actually did in the end, and we were just trying to persuade each other to see if I persuade Darcy or Darcy persuaded me. <v ->So the sunglasses on A were not very good</v> because almost all the beads were purple. The sunglasses on B, they were a bit good because a few were purple and a few were white. And then the sunglasses on C were real good because basically none of them were purple. <v Pupil>So we decided that this one was the worst to wear</v> and C was the best to wear. <v ->So what we need to do now</v> is we need to write our conclusion. So remember, a conclusion is a summary of what our inquiry has shown on what our results mean, okay? So, from looking at our pictures of our sunglasses and our UV beads, what do those results tell us? Okay, so C is the best protection, has the best protection, because of the beads are white because, so remind me again? <v ->It's not letting as much UV light through. </v> <v ->Because it is not letting. </v> Yeah, so it's not letting as much UV light through, and we know that because the beads? <v ->Are whiter. </v> <v ->Yeah, so light through. </v> So we know that because. <v ->Not much UV light has came through the sunglasses. </v> <v ->Because the beads are?</v> <v ->Still a bit white. </v> <v ->Yeah, because the beads, yeah,</v> the beads are still white. So which sunglasses would you choose to wear on a sunny day? <v ->We would wear sunglasses C. </v> These sunglasses can protect my eyes because it protected the UV beads from the sunlight. <v ->Now that pupils have written their conclusions</v> about which sunglasses are most effective at protecting our eyes from the sun, they could look for some protection labels on sunglasses. Examples include "100% UV protection" or "UV 400" which indicate that the sunglasses block harmful UV rays from the sun. Pupils could also research how sunscreens offer different levels of protection from harmful UV light emitted by the sun. (bright music) (bright music fades out).