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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can describe what a chemical element is and give some examples.

      Key learning points

      1. All matter is made up of atoms.
      2. Dalton’s model of an atom is of a sphere that cannot be broken up.
      3. An element is made up of only one type of atom.
      4. Each element is made of a different type of atom.

      Keywords

      • Matter - Everything is made up of matter.

      • Atom - An atom is the building block of all matter.

      • Element - Each element is made up of only one type of atom.

      Common misconception

      Pupils often struggle with the idea of how small an atom actually is.

      Use examples to show how many atoms make up certain things, e.g. a cell or a grain of sand.

      Teacher tip

      Stress that only specialist microscopes (electron microscopes) capable of extensive magnification must be used in order to see an atom.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the apparatus to its use.

      Correct Answer:Balance,To measure the mass of a substance.
      Correct Answer:Thermometer,To measure the temperature of a substance.
      Correct Answer:Microscope,To view things which are too small to see.
      Correct Answer:Ruler,To measure the length of something.
      Correct Answer:Measuring cylinder,To measure the volume of a liquid.
      Correct Answer:Stop clock,To measure the time.

      Q2.
      What happens to the overall mass when substances are mixed together?

      The mass cannot be measured.
      The mass decreases.
      The mass increases.
      Correct answer: The mass stays the same.

      Q3.
      Order the different units of mass from smallest to largest.

      1 - milligram
      2 - gram
      3 - kilogram
      4 - tonne (same as a megagram)

      Q4.
      Which of the following is a feature of a pure substance?

      It contains different types of particles.
      It has a variable melting point.
      Correct answer: It is made of one type of particle.
      It cannot be measured in grams.

      Q5.
      Everything is made up of particles. The shape of a particle is 3D and is represented as a ...

      Correct Answer: sphere, ball

      Q6.
      Which of the following diagrams represents more than one substance?

      An image in a quiz
      a and b
      b only
      a, c and d
      Correct answer: b and d

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What is the basic building block of all matter?

      Elements
      Correct answer: Atoms
      Compounds
      Molecules

      Q2.
      Match the word to its definition.

      Correct Answer:Atom,Basic unit that all matter is made from.
      Correct Answer:Elements,Substances made up from one type of atom.
      Correct Answer:Periodic table,Chart on which all the existing elements are arranged.
      Correct Answer:Chemical symbol,Shortened representation of an element's name.

      Q3.
      According to Dalton's model of an atom, how are atoms represented?

      As a cube.
      Correct answer: As a sphere.
      As a flat disc.
      As a pyramid.

      Q4.
      Arrange the following in order of size from smallest to largest.

      1 - An atom
      2 - An element
      3 - A biological cell
      4 - A grain of sand
      5 - An ant

      Q5.
      Match the following symbols to the element.

      Correct Answer:Co,Cobalt
      Correct Answer:K,Potassium
      Correct Answer:P,Phosphorous
      Correct Answer:S,Sulfur
      Correct Answer:Na,Sodium
      Correct Answer:Cu,Copper

      Q6.
      Which of the following statements are correct?

      C is short for the element name carbon.
      C always stands for the substance carbon.
      C means 1 atom of carbon.
      Correct answer: C is the symbol for the element carbon.

      To help you plan your 8 science lesson on: Atoms and elements, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...