New
New
Year 11
AQA
Foundation

Classification into kingdoms and domains: sub-cellular evidence

I can describe the classification of organisms based on evidence from their phenotype and cells.

New
New
Year 11
AQA
Foundation

Classification into kingdoms and domains: sub-cellular evidence

I can describe the classification of organisms based on evidence from their phenotype and cells.

Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. Organisms are classified into groups within larger groups, from species up to kingdoms and domains
  2. There are domains of eukaryotes (animals, plants, fungi and protists), bacteria and archaea (both prokaryotic)
  3. Organisms can be classified using evidence of their macroscopic features (phenotype)
  4. Organisms can be classified using evidence of their and microscopic cell structures

Common misconception

Pupils may think that the modern classification system that we use today is complete.

Remind pupils why new data from experiments or observations leads to changes in models or theories.

Keywords

  • Species - a group of similar organisms that can breed together to produce fertile offspring

  • Kingdom - A division of living things in the classification system. The five kingdoms are animals, plants, fungi, protist and prokaryotes.

  • Domain - The three domain system of classification organises organisms into three large groups: Bacteria, Archaea and Eukaryota.

  • Phenotype - the physical characteristics of an organism

Reinforce ideas about how developments in technology and scientific methods (microscopy and gene technology) has provided evidence for changing theories over time.
Teacher tip

Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2024), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which type of microsope is shown in the image?
An image in a quiz
scanning electron microscope
transmission electron microscope
Correct answer: light microscope
Q2.
Which type of cells contain membrane bound sub-cellular structures, including a nucleus?
prokaryotic cells only
Correct answer: eukaryotic cells only
both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
neither prokaryotic nor eukaryotic cells
Q3.
Which type of cell, prokaryotic or eukaryotic, is generally smaller in size?
Correct answer: prokaryotic
eukaryotic
Q4.
If a bacterial cell has a diameter of 1.5 micrometres, how many times smaller is it compared to a eukaryotic cell with a diameter of 15 micrometres?
Correct answer: 10 times
100 times
1000 times
15 times
Q5.
Which of the following statements about microscopes are true?
Light microscopes have a higher resolution than electron microscopes.
Correct answer: Llight microscopes have a lower resolution than electron microscopes.
Light microscopes have a higher magnification than electron microscopes.
Correct answer: Light microscopes have a lower magnification than electron microscopes.
Q6.
Calculate the real size of a cell if its image size is 200 micrometres and the magnification is 400x.
800 micrometres
500 micrometres
80 micrometres
Correct answer: 0.5 micrometres

6 Questions

Q1.
Which scientist is known as the father of modern classification and introduced the binomial naming system?
Carl Woese
Charles Darwin
Correct answer: Carl Linnaeus
David Attenborough
Q2.
Starting with the largest group, sort the groups of Linnean classification into the correct order.
1 - kingdom
2 - phylum
3 - class
4 - order
5 - family
6 - genus
7 - species
Q3.
What is the binomial name for the Santiago tortoise?
An image in a quiz
Testudinidae darwini
Reptilia Testudines
Testudines Testudinidae
Correct answer: Chelonoidis darwini
Q4.
What is the significance of Woese's contribution to classification?
He developed the Linnaean system.
He introduced the binomial naming system.
Correct answer: He used DNA sequences to refine classification.
He classified organisms based on physical characteristics.
Q5.
According to the three-domain system, which domain includes animals, plants, fungi, and protists?
Correct answer: Eukaryota
Archaea
Bacteria
Prokaryota
Q6.
Which domain contains organisms that are often extremophiles and live in extreme environments?
Eukaryota
Bacteria
Correct answer: Archaea