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New
New
Year 10
Edexcel
Higher

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes

I can describe the causes and treatments for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

icon-background-square
New
New
Year 10
Edexcel
Higher

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes

I can describe the causes and treatments for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. The hormone insulin helps to control blood sugar level in the human body.
  2. Insulin is secreted by cells in a gland called the pancreas.
  3. People living with diabetes have problems with controlling their blood sugar level.
  4. The cause and treatments for type 1 diabetes.
  5. The cause and treatments for type 2 diabetes.

Keywords

  • Hormone - a chemical substance produced by a gland that travels in the bloodstream to a specific organ

  • Insulin - a hormone secreted by the pancreas when blood glucose is too high, lowering blood glucose levels

  • Gland - an organ or tissues that produces and secretes substances, such as hormones

  • Pancreas - a glandular organ in the body that detects changes in blood glucose concentration and secretes insulin

  • Diabetes - a condition in which the body is unable to regulate blood glucose concentration

Common misconception

Type 1 diabetes is caused by lifestyle, particularly poor diet.

The slide deck states that type 1 diabetes is caused by genes or environmental factors and there is a question in task A to assess this. In contrast there is a big focus on lifestyle and obesity being linked to developing type 2 diabetes.

At the end of the third learning cycle there are a few slides to compare type 1 and 2 diabetes; this is a good opportunity to bring together all the learning in the lesson and check for understanding and giving the big picture.
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Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
Which organ in the body detects changes in blood glucose levels?
liver
stomach
Correct answer: pancreas
small intestine
Q2.
Name the hormone that is secreted if blood glucose levels are too high.
glucagon
glycogen
Correct answer: insulin
starch
Q3.
Match each word to the correct definition.
Correct Answer:hormone,a chemical substance, produced by a gland, that travels in the blood
tick

a chemical substance, produced by a gland, that travels in the blood

Correct Answer:gland,an organ or tissue that produces and secretes substances
tick

an organ or tissue that produces and secretes substances

Correct Answer:glucose,a sugar that travels in the blood and used for respiration
tick

a sugar that travels in the blood and used for respiration

Correct Answer:glycogen,a stored form of glucose found in liver and muscle cells
tick

a stored form of glucose found in liver and muscle cells

Q4.
What are carbohydrates broken down into during digestion?
amino acids
fatty acids
enzymes
Correct answer: sugars
Q5.
Which of the following cause an increase in blood glucose concentration?
exercising
Correct answer: eating a meal
fasting
Q6.
What changes does insulin bring about in the body?
glucose stops being absobed by the liver
Correct answer: more glucose is absorbed by the liver and stored as glycogen
blood glucose concentration increases
Correct answer: blood glucose concentration decreases

6 Questions

Q1.
Which disease is associated with uncontrolled blood glucose regulation?
asthma
Huntingdon's
Correct answer: diabetes
high blood pressure
Q2.
Put these statements in order to show how the body regulates blood glucose levels.
1 - Pancreas detects high blood glucose levels.
2 - Insulin is secreted into the blood plasma.
3 - Liver and muscle cells absorb glucose and covert it to stored glycogen.
4 - Blood glucose levels decrease back to normal.
Q3.
Which are true for type 1 diabetes?
linked to obesity
Correct answer: usually presents in childhood and teenage years
Correct answer: associated with genes and environmental factors
usually presents in adulthood
Q4.
What is the treatment for type 1 diabetes?
injections with glucagon
Correct answer: injections with insulin
lose weight and exercise more
Q5.
Which statements are true for type 2 diabetes?
Correct answer: The pancreas secretes sufficient amounts of insulin.
Too much glucose is converted to glycogen.
Correct answer: Cells do not respond to insulin.
Correct answer: It is linked with obesity.
Q6.
Before using medication what is the treatment for type 2 diabetes?
Correct answer: weight loss through low carbohydrate diet
Correct answer: regular exercise
weight loss through high carbohydrate diet
vitamin supplementation