New
New
Year 11

How can we hold our leaders to account?

I can explain what the separation of powers is and how it is used to hold leaders to account.

New
New
Year 11

How can we hold our leaders to account?

I can explain what the separation of powers is and how it is used to hold leaders to account.

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Lesson details

Key learning points

  1. The main branches of power in the UK are executive, legislative and judiciary.
  2. The three branches perform checks and balances on each other.
  3. Leaders are held accountable through debates, questioning and parliamentary inquiries.

Keywords

  • Legislative - the law making body of the state, i.e. Parliament in the UK

  • Executive - the branch of government that is responsible for putting laws or decisions into effect

  • Judiciary - the branch of the state that is responsible for enforcing the law; it is composed of judges and other legal officials

Common misconception

Citizens aren't able to make a difference and hold leaders accountable.

Citizens hold leaders accountable through raising concerns, participating in inquiries and contacting MPs.


To help you plan your year 11 citizenship lesson on: How can we hold our leaders to account?, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...

Use case studies to provide real life examples of how each branch of government checks and balances the others. This will help pupils to understand how the theory of checks and balances plays out in practice.
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Licence

This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0 except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions (Collection 2).

Lesson video

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6 Questions

Q1.
What are the three parts of UK Parliament?
House of Lords, the Prime Minister and the monarchy
Correct answer: House of Commons, House of Lords and the monarchy
House of Commons, House of Lords and the Prime Minister
House of Lords, the monarchy and the Prime Minister
Q2.
Who is the head of the Government?
the Lord
the monarch
Correct answer: the Prime Minister
the Speaker
Q3.
The House of Commons is made up of MPs from a variety of different and independent candidates.
Correct Answer: political parties, parties
Q4.
Match the correct part of UK Parliament to its role.
Correct Answer:House of Commons,to create laws

to create laws

Correct Answer:House of Lords,to review and debate laws that have been proposed

to review and debate laws that have been proposed

Correct Answer:monarchy,to sign the Royal Assent

to sign the Royal Assent

Q5.
Who chairs debates in the House of Commons?
Correct answer: the Speaker
the monarch
the Lord Speaker
the Serjeant at Arms
Q6.
If there is not a majority in a general election, a government can be formed. This is when two or more political parties may work together and form a to control a majority of seats.
Correct Answer: coalition

6 Questions

Q1.
Match the word to the correct definition.
Correct Answer:legislative,the lawmaking body of the state, i.e. Parliament

the lawmaking body of the state, i.e. Parliament

Correct Answer:executive,responsible for putting laws into effect

responsible for putting laws into effect

Correct Answer:judiciary,composed of judges and legal officials who enforce the law

composed of judges and legal officials who enforce the law

Q2.
The branch is made up of the House of Commons, House of Lords and the monarchy.
Correct Answer: legislative
Q3.
How does the legislative hold the executive accountable?
by approving all decisions made by the executive
Correct answer: by questioning minsters during debates
by conducting judicial reviews
Correct answer: by conducting parliamentary inquiries
Q4.
Which of the following is not a reason why the branches of government in the UK are kept separate?
to ensure accountability
Correct answer: to make the government more powerful
to ensure checks and balances
to allow for scrutiny
Q5.
Which of the following is a way citizens can hold government leaders accountable in the UK?
Correct answer: engaging with MPs on social media
Correct answer: raising concerns to parliamentary groups
debating in the House of Commons
voting for members of the House of Lords
Q6.
What is a parliamentary inquiry?
a meeting where laws are made in Parliament
a way for Parliament to pass new laws without debate
a process where the executive branch asks Parliament to make decisions
Correct answer: a formal investigation by Parliament into government actions or policies