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      Has leaving the EU been more beneficial or challenging to the UK?

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can examine the benefits and challenges of Brexit.

      Key learning points

      1. Following the 2016 EU referendum, the UK left the EU on 31 Jan 2020, entering a transition until 31 Dec 2020.
      2. Since the UK left the EU, there have been many debates about the benefits and challenges of Brexit.
      3. Benefits and challenges include impacts on the economy, UK control, sovereignty and national identity.

      Keywords

      • Brexit - refers to the UK's decision to leave the European Union (EU) following a 2016 referendum; the term is a combination of Britain and exit

      • Freeport - special zones created by the government after Brexit; it allows for greater investment

      • Tariff - the taxes imposed on some countries for selling certain products to other countries

      • Export - when one country sells goods or services to another country

      Common misconception

      The decision to leave the EU has been either all good or all bad.

      Whilst many politicians have strong views about the impact of Brexit, the truth is more nuanced. There have been advantages (such as creating our own immigration system) and negatives (like the loss of foreign direct investment).

      Teacher tip

      Challenge pupils to think critically by comparing the benefits and challenges of Brexit through case studies, helping them grasp the real-world implications of the topic.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      What was the nature of the result in the UK's EU referendum in 2016?

      clear and unanimous
      Correct answer: close and divisive
      no one participated

      Q2.
      What event triggered the process for the UK to leave the EU?

      the referendum result
      the signing of a treaty
      Correct answer: the triggering of Article 50

      Q3.
      Match the word to the correct definition.

      Correct Answer:demographic,statistics related to the population

      statistics related to the population

      Correct Answer:constitution,principles and rules governing a country

      principles and rules governing a country

      Correct Answer:common law,laws created by judges over time

      laws created by judges over time

      Q4.
      What is meant by 'voter turnout' in the context of a referendum?

      the number of votes that were counted
      Correct answer: registered voters who participated
      the time taken to count votes

      Q5.
      What did the close result of Brexit lead some politicians to propose?

      a stronger government
      Correct answer: a second referendum
      no further discussion

      Q6.
      Following the 2016 referendum, Britain experienced political due to the uncertainties around Brexit.

      Correct Answer: instability, upheaval

      5 Questions

      Q1.
      What is one argument made by supporters of Brexit regarding national identity?

      it will make the UK less distinct
      Correct answer: it allows the UK to maintain its sovereignty
      it will have no effect on cultural identity

      Q2.
      What is a notable consequence of Brexit on trade with EU countries?

      there are no consequences
      Correct answer: there are increased border checks
      trade has steadily increased

      Q3.
      Which of the following is often cited as a potential benefit of Brexit?

      increased foreign investment
      no economic challenges
      Correct answer: control over immigration

      Q4.
      The period after the UK left the EU until the end of 2020 is called the __________.

      start-up
      Correct answer: transition
      withdrawal

      Q5.
      Match the word to the correct definition.

      Correct Answer:Brexit,the UK's exit from the EU

      the UK's exit from the EU

      Correct Answer:freeport,special zones for greater investment

      special zones for greater investment

      Correct Answer:tariff,taxes imposed for selling goods across countries

      taxes imposed for selling goods across countries

      Correct Answer:export,selling goods or services to another country

      selling goods or services to another country


      To help you plan your 11 citizenship lesson on: Has leaving the EU been more beneficial or challenging to the UK?, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...