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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain how clock speed, cache size and number of cores affect the performance of a device.

      Key learning points

      1. Clock speed is measured in gigahertz; 1 gigahertz = 1 billion cycles per second.
      2. Increasing the clock speed can increase performance but does depend on other components working that fast too.
      3. Increasing cache size will speed up the device.
      4. Increasing cores does not always increase performance.

      Keywords

      • Clock speed - measured in gigahertz, this defines thenumber of FE cycles the CPU can complete per second

      • Cache size - onboard memory of the CPU, measured in megabytes

      • Core - mini processor inside the CPU carrying out instructions independently

      Common misconception

      Increasing cores and clock speed improves performance.

      It can improve performance but not always, as other hardware components may not be able to work that way.

      Teacher tip

      Looking at different computer specifications on computers to buy can help, as well as looking at the task manager of a computer.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match each example to its storage type:

      Correct Answer:CD,optical storage
      Correct Answer:hard disk drive,magnetic storage
      Correct Answer:USB flash drive,solid state storage

      Q2.
      Put these storage types in order from oldest to newest technology:

      1 - magnetic storage
      2 - optical storage
      3 - solid state storage

      Q3.
      What type of storage uses lasers to read and write data?

      Correct Answer: optical, optical storage

      Q4.
      Which type of storage is best for quick access and durability?

      magnetic
      optical
      Correct answer: solid state
      tape drive

      Q5.
      What is the main characteristic of magnetic storage?

      stores data in electrical circuits
      uses lasers
      uses flash memory
      Correct answer: stores data as polarised dots

      Q6.
      What is the main advantage of solid state storage over magnetic storage?

      lower cost
      Correct answer: greater durability
      uses lasers
      larger size

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match each scenario to the correct effect:

      Correct Answer:increasing clock speed,can improve performance if other components support it
      Correct Answer:increasing cache size,makes data access quicker for the CPU
      Correct Answer:adding more cores,allows more tasks to be handled at once

      Q2.
      What unit is clock speed measured in?

      Correct Answer: gigahertz, GHz

      Q3.
      Which statement is correct about increasing CPU cores and clock speed?

      it always improves performance
      it always reduces power usage
      Correct answer: it can improve performance, but only if other hardware can support it
      it never affects performance

      Q4.
      What is a core in a CPU?

      Correct answer: a mini processor that carries out instructions independently
      a type of software
      the power supply
      the computer’s battery

      Q5.
      Put these steps in order for how a CPU processes instructions:

      1 - fetch instruction
      2 - decode instruction
      3 - execute instruction
      4 - store result

      Q6.
      What does increasing the clock speed depend on?

      only the CPU
      the power supply
      the colour of the computer
      Correct answer: all other hardware components

      To help you plan your 10 computer science lesson on: Computer specifications, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...