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      Input and output design decisions

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can choose inputs and outputs for my micro:bit alarm system.

      Key learning points

      1. A micro:bit alarm could include onboard inputs such as an accelerometer, magnetometer or light sensor.
      2. A micro:bit alarm could include offboard inputs such as a photoresistor or push-to-make switch.
      3. A micro:bit alarm could include onboard outputs such as an LED display or speaker.
      4. A micro:bit alarm could include offboard outputs such as buzzers or LED lights.
      5. Design decisions need to be made as to what a designer wants the micro:bit to do.

      Keywords

      • Onboard components - different parts of a product that are already built into a micro:bit

      • Offboard components - different parts of a product that can be attached to a micro:bit

      • Accelerometer - a device that measures how quickly something is speeding up or slowing down

      • Design decisions - the choices made when creating a product

      Common misconception

      Sensors on a micro:bit work automatically.

      Micro:bits need a program to control the sensors.

      Teacher tip

      Consider what resources the school has to be able to offer the pupils before providing them with the opportunity to consider their choices.

      Equipment

      Laptops/chromebooks, micro:bits, battery packs, USB leads, LED lights, wires, crocodile clips, offboard componetns can all be displayed for choices but this is optional.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these is an input in an electrical system?

      a component that displays something
      Correct answer: a component that changes something
      a component that stores energy

      Q2.
      Which of these is an output in an electrical system?

      Correct answer: a component that displays something
      a component that changes something
      a component that stores energy

      Q3.
      What is the role of a light-dependent resistor (LDR)?

      Correct answer: to detect light levels
      to display visual output
      to emit sound

      Q4.
      What is an example of an onboard input for a micro:bit?

      buzzer
      LED light
      Correct answer: microphone

      Q5.
      What is an example of an offboard input for a micro:bit?

      Correct answer: LDR (light-dependent resistor)
      LED display
      speaker

      Q6.
      What should you have a basic understanding of before programming a micro:bit?

      artistic concepts
      Correct answer: electrical circuits
      historical events

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      What is an example of an offboard output for a micro:bit?

      Correct answer: buzzer
      accelerometer
      push-to-make switch

      Q2.
      Which component is an onboard input for a micro:bit alarm?

      buzzer
      Correct answer: microphone
      Correct answer: accelerometer

      Q3.
      Why is it important to choose the right inputs and outputs for a system?

      to add more components
      Correct answer: to ensure the system works correctly
      to make it look nice
      to make it the right colour

      Q4.
      What are design decisions?

      the colours we use when creating a product
      the shapes we make when drawing a product
      Correct answer: the choices we make when creating a product

      To help you plan your 6 design and technology lesson on: Input and output design decisions, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...