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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can use cardboard modelling to develop ideas.

      Key learning points

      1. Cardboard is a thick, strong paper material made from layers of wood pulp.
      2. Cardboard used for packaging, crafts, and creating prototypes as it is strong, ridgid, light, and easy to cut or fold.
      3. Corrugated cardboard is used for prototyping due to its structural integrity, strength and versatility.
      4. Cardboard can be layered, slotted, folded, scored, and joined to build strong 3D models.
      5. When modelling with cardboard, adhesives need to be used.

      Keywords

      • Prototype - a simple, low-cost model made to check size, shape, and function

      • Corrugated cardboard - cardboard with a fluted layer to increase strength and rigidity

      • Fluting - the wavy layer in corrugated cardboard

      • Adhesive - a substance used to bond materials through a chemical reaction

      Common misconception

      Cardboard is a weak material that is not suitable for modeling.

      Cardboard has a fluted layer that increases its strength and rigidity. Modelling techniques, such as layering, can be used to increase its strength further, making it a versatile and very good material to model with.

      Teacher tip

      Encourage pupils to practise modeling techniques, such as creating curves, to increase skill levels.

      Equipment

      Craft knives, scissors, cutting mats, metal rulers, adhesives, cardboard.

      Content guidance

      Risk assessment required - equipment

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Match the prototype materials to the justification for use.

      Correct Answer:cardboard,lightweight, easy to cut and inexpensive

      lightweight, easy to cut and inexpensive

      Correct Answer:paper,good for drawing and inexpensive

      good for drawing and inexpensive

      Correct Answer:foam or clay,easy to shape and create 3D objects quickly

      easy to shape and create 3D objects quickly

      Correct Answer:construction kits or building blocks,create small models quickly, the blocks can be reused

      create small models quickly, the blocks can be reused

      Correct Answer:recycled materials,free materials, come in a variety of shapes and sizes

      free materials, come in a variety of shapes and sizes

      Q2.
      What are the benefits of making a prototype?

      Correct answer: to test an idea
      Correct answer: to find mistakes
      to produce a final design
      to speed up the manufacturing process

      Q3.
      Styrofoam is a type of ...

      Correct answer: polystyrene.
      polyethylene.
      polyvinyl chloride.
      polyvinyl acetate.

      Q4.
      Why is modelling foam suitable for prototyping?

      Correct answer: smooth texture
      good harness
      Correct answer: easy to shape
      goo toughness

      Q5.
      What piece of equipment is this image showing?

      An image in a quiz
      band saw
      Correct answer: hot wire cutter
      jigsaw
      coping saw

      Q6.
      What tool is this image showing?

      An image in a quiz
      Correct Answer: surform

      4 Questions

      Q1.
      Put these stages of creating a straight join between two pieces of corrugated cardboard in order.

      1 - Line up the safety rule and upright material to mark out the cut.
      2 - Carefully cut through the outer liner and the fluting, leaving the inner liner.
      3 - Using a steel rule, remove the outer liner and fluting. Leave the inner liner.
      4 - Apply PVA to the exposed inner liner.
      5 - Line up both pieces of cardboard
      6 - Check the join for accuracy, apply masking tape while it dries.

      Q2.
      Which stage of creating a straight join between two pieces of corrugated cardboard is this image showing?

      An image in a quiz
      Apply PVA to the exposed inner liner.
      Correct answer: Check the join for accuracy, apply masking tape while it dries.
      Line up the safety rule and upright material to mark out the cut
      Carefully cut through the outer liner and the fluting, leaving the inner liner.

      Q3.
      What is the reason for intentionally damaging the outer liner of corrugated cardboard along the fluted layer when creating curves?

      to increase the strength
      Correct answer: to create a smooth curve
      to reduce weight

      Q4.
      What is the modelling technique called that adds depth by stacking and gluing material on top of each other?

      Correct Answer: layering

      To help you plan your 8 design and technology lesson on: Cardboard modelling techniques, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...