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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain the importance of the River Thames to London.

      Key learning points

      1. People settled by the River Thames for navigation, trade and a water supply. Today, many bridges connect both banks.
      2. Today, Londoners use the most water in the country; much of this comes from the River Thames.
      3. Waste water is also pumped into the River Thames, which is why a new super sewer is being built.
      4. The Thames’ Barrier is a special piece of engineering that is designed to protect London from flooding.

      Keywords

      • Navigation - Navigation is finding a way from one place to another

      • Banks - Banks are the edges of the land beside a river or waterway

      • Bridges - Bridges are structures that enable people and vehicles to travel over another space, such as a river or road

      • Sewer - A sewer is an underground pipe that takes dirty water, such as from baths and toilets, to the sewage works to be cleaned

      • Flood - A flood is when there is too much water in a waterway, such as a river, and it overflows onto land that is normally dry

      Common misconception

      Pupils may think the banks of a river actually "burst" in an explosive way when there is a flood.

      During a flood, the water level of a river is higher than the banks, so the water 'bursts' out of the river, over the banks onto the surrounding land.

      Teacher tip

      Try some experimenting to demonstrate flooding, using water and a small container. Challenge pupils to take turns to spoon or drip small amounts of water into the container without bursting the banks. When the container overflows, the banks are burst!

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Complete the sentence. The mouth of a river is where it meets the .

      Correct Answer: sea

      Q2.
      How do we use rivers?

      Correct answer: for transport
      Correct answer: water supply
      Correct answer: recreation
      bathing
      laundry

      Q3.
      About how many parks and green spaces are there in London?

      3
      30
      300
      Correct answer: 3000
      30,000

      Q4.
      Why do people that live in cities enjoy spending time in parks?

      Correct answer: because they can escape the noise and stress of the city
      because parks are free to use
      because they get bored of walking on pavements
      because they go camping in them

      Q5.
      What is recreation?

      reusing items instead of throwing them away
      Correct answer: doing sports or hobbies for fun
      writing stories and poems
      making a mess and being untidy

      Q6.
      Put the words in order to complete the sentence. London is the world's first .

      1 - National
      2 - Park
      3 - City

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these allows people to cross from one side of a river to the other?

      steps
      Correct answer: bridge
      path
      gate

      Q2.
      What does the Thames Barrier help to protect London from?

      fire
      Correct answer: floods
      wind
      lightning

      Q3.
      Where does most of our waste water end up?

      in puddles
      in bottles
      Correct answer: in sewers
      in rain

      Q4.
      Complete the sentence. We use water every day when we brush our .

      Correct Answer: teeth

      Q5.
      Match the words to the definitions.

      Correct Answer:river,A natural stream of flowing water.
      Correct Answer:mouth,The part of the river that enters the sea.
      Correct Answer:banks,The land alongside the river.
      Correct Answer:flood,When a river channel overflows.

      Q6.
      Put the sentences in the correct order to describe what happens in a flood.

      1 - The water in a river flows below the banks.
      2 - The water level of the river begins to rise.
      3 - The water reaches the banks.
      4 - The river bursts its banks.
      5 - River water flows onto surrounding land.
      6 - The area around the river is flooded.

      To help you plan your 2 geography lesson on: The River Thames, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...