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      Geographical features in Scotland

      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can locate and name some of Scotland's geographical features using atlases, maps, photographs and Google Earth.

      Key learning points

      1. Scotland is mountainous in the north and west, and flatter in the south and east.
      2. Most people in Scotland live in the bigger towns and cities in the flatter areas.
      3. The countryside in Scotland has smaller towns and villages, farmland, forests and lakes known as lochs.
      4. Scotland has a varied coastline and many islands.

      Keywords

      • Mountain - A mountain is a natural raised part of Earth’s surface that is higher than a hill.

      • Island - An island is a piece of land, smaller than a continent, that is surrounded by water.

      • Lake - A lake is a large area of water surrounded by land.

      • Coastline - A coastline is the boundary between the land and the sea or ocean.

      Common misconception

      There are only mountainous areas in Scotland.

      There are different types of landscapes in Scotland include lakes, rivers and mountains. There are also lots of cities, towns and villages.

      Teacher tip

      If you are undertaking all lessons 3 to 6 Task B can be completed on one map of the UK to build up a full map of feature locations.

      Equipment

      Computers or atlases for the final task.

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2025), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      is the capital city of Scotland.

      Correct Answer: Edinburgh , edinburgh

      Q2.
      Cardiff is the capital of ...

      Correct answer: Wales.
      England.
      Northern Ireland.
      Scotland.

      Q3.
      Belfast is the capital city of ...

      England.
      Cardiff.
      Correct answer: Northern Ireland.
      Edinburgh.

      Q4.
      A large area of water surrounded by land is called a ...

      river.
      coastline.
      pond.
      Correct answer: lake.

      Q5.
      Match each keyword to the correct description.

      Correct Answer:island,a piece of land, smaller than a continent, that is surrounded by water

      a piece of land, smaller than a continent, that is surrounded by water

      Correct Answer:mountain,a natural raised part of the land that is higher than a hill

      a natural raised part of the land that is higher than a hill

      Correct Answer:coastline,the place where the land meets the sea or ocean

      the place where the land meets the sea or ocean

      Q6.
      What is a capital city?

      the city that has the tallest buildings
      the largest city in a country
      the city that has the most number of people
      Correct answer: the city where the government of a country is based

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Where is Scotland located within the UK?

      Correct answer: in the northern part of the United Kingdom
      in the southern part of the United Kingdom
      in the eastern part of the United Kingdom
      in the western part of the United Kingdom

      Q2.
      What is a mountain?

      a large body of water surrounded by land
      a flat area of land
      Correct answer: a natural feature that is over 600 metres high

      Q3.
      Which city in Scotland has the biggest population?

      Edinburgh
      Correct answer: Glasgow
      London

      Q4.
      A place or area that is 'most populated' is ...

      Correct answer: a place or area that has the highest number of people living in it.
      a place or area that has the least number of people living in it.
      a place or area that has the most number of animals living in it.
      a place or area that has the most number of buildings.

      Q5.
      The most populated islands in Scotland are ...

      the Shetland Islands.
      Orkney.
      the Isle of Skye.
      Correct answer: the Isles of Lewis and Harris.

      Q6.
      What is the name of the area of mountains in northern Scotland?

      the Southern Uplands
      the Scottish Lowlands
      the Scottish Midlands
      Correct answer: the Scottish Highlands

      To help you plan your 2 geography lesson on: Geographical features in Scotland, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...