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      Lesson details

      Learning outcome

      I can explain which foods have the highest carbon footprint and suggest choices that can lower this.

      Key learning points

      1. Food production is responsible for about one-quarter of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions.
      2. The highest carbon footprint per kilogram of food product comes from meat: beef, lamb then dairy top the list.
      3. Most food travels by boat not air.
      4. Wasting less food and lowering demand reduces carbon emissions.

      Keywords

      • Emissions - An emission is something that is released into the world. An example is the release of carbon dioxide when we breathe out.

      • Carbon footprint - A carbon footprint is a measure of the total amount of greenhouses gases that are released as a result of our actions.

      • Food miles - Food miles measure the distance between where a food is grown or made to where it is eaten.

      • Greenhouse gas - Greenhouse gases are gases in Earth’s atmosphere that trap heat.

      Common misconception

      Children might be under the impression that all agricultural crops are grown for human consumption.

      In fact the vast majority of European cereal crop production is used to feed animals (and create biofuels, rather than feeding people.

      Teacher tip

      As a follow up task, children could plan the most sustainable meal they can. Taking into consideration food miles, avoiding red meat and dairy and planning for portion size so there is minimal waste.

      Content guidance

      Depiction or discussion of violence or suffering

      Supervision

      Adult supervision required

      Licence

      This content is © Oak National Academy Limited (2026), licensed on Open Government Licence version 3.0
      except where otherwise stated. See Oak's terms & conditions
      (Collection 2).

      Lesson video

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      Prior knowledge starter quiz

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which of these classroom objects use energy to power them?

      Correct answer: smartboard
      pencil
      Correct answer: laptop

      Q2.
      Which of the following appliances are using power?

      Correct answer: a TV that is switched off and unplugged
      a games console that was turned off with the controller but on standby
      Correct answer: an ipad plugged in to charge

      Q3.
      Which of these ideas would help to to use less energy at school?

      Correct answer: Turn off devices when not in use.
      Correct answer: Have a switch off day where you don’t use any electricity at all.
      Correct answer: Turn off lights to empty rooms.
      Leave devices on standby.

      Q4.
      Which are sources of renewable energy?

      coal power
      Correct answer: wind power
      Correct answer: solar power
      Correct answer: hydro power

      Q5.
      Generating renewable energy creates emissions than burning fossil fuels.

      far higher
      Correct answer: far lower
      similar

      Q6.
      Which type of energy production creates higher carbon emissions?

      wind
      Correct answer: coal
      geothermal
      solar

      6 Questions

      Q1.
      Which foods usually have the highest food miles?

      apples
      potatoes
      Correct answer: bananas

      Q2.
      Order the type of food starting with food that has the smallest carbon footprint.

      1 - nuts
      2 - dairy
      3 - beef

      Q3.
      What are food miles?

      the amount of food wasted during transportation
      the carbon emissions produced during food production
      Correct answer: the distance food travels from where it was produced to where it is eaten
      the cost of producing food items

      Q4.
      What fraction of the world's greenhouse gas emissions is food production responsible for?

      Correct answer: one quarter
      one half
      all of the emissions

      Q5.
      What is the impact of food miles on carbon emissions?

      The more food miles, the lower the carbon emissions.
      The fewer food miles, the higher the carbon emissions.
      Correct answer: The more food miles, the higher the carbon emissions.

      Q6.
      What is one way to reduce food miles and promote sustainability?

      Correct answer: Buying locally produced food.
      Buying food from overseas.
      Buying food that has been air freighted.

      To help you plan your 5 geography lesson on: Tackling food waste, download all teaching resources for free and adapt to suit your pupils' needs...